In Britain and the USA, the managing directors and presidents of big companies are often accused of being ‘fat cats’, i.e. bosses 【小题1】 salaries are often twenty-five times more than the company’s 【小题2】 worker. When times are hard and workers are laid off, they 【小题3】 very little. Departing directors, on the other hand, get big golden handshakes.

By 【小题4】, in Japan the ratio between the highest and lowest paid is normally a more modest seven or eight to one. In addition, large Japanese companies have the reputation of 【小题5】 care of all their employees, and the concept of a ‘job for life’ is still, by and large, true.