The emperor penguin(帝企鹅)may not survive climate change—or even this century. For decades, global warming has been melting(使融化)the sea ice 【小题1】the flightless seabirds make their home; and some formerly 【小题2】(freeze) areas have shrunk by 60 percent in just 30 years. These largest penguins are nearly 90 pounds in 【小题3】(weigh) and can stand 45 inches tall. They need the ice 【小题4】(produce) their babies, avoid oceangoing killers, and find food. When sea ice 【小题5】(become) liquid early, the species can disappear. The population is 【小题6】( present) stable with about 270,000 to 280,000 breeding (繁殖)pairs.

But research suggests those numbers could fall by nearly half in the next 30 years, and that the species will be effectively extinct by 2100. Emperor penguins 【小题7】(list) as a threatened species by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service already, which puts them 【小题8】 the protection of the Endangered Species Act. The hope is to protect them by 【小题9】(get) more conservation funding and ways for international cooperation on research. “The listing of the emperor penguin serves as both 【小题10】 alarm bell and a call to action,” says Martha Williams, director of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

What is causing the increase in the 【小题1】 (globe) average surface temperature? Climate scientists think it is the greenhouse effect, 【小题2】 includes “natural” and “man-made”, 【小题3】 matters. The “man-made” greenhouse effect has become 【小题4】 big problem. People produce huge amounts of green-house gases by burning fossil fuels,【小题5】 (leave) more heat energy 【小题6】 (trap) in the atmosphere. The rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural 【小题7】 (disaster). Appropriate actions should be taken 【小题8】 (prevent) it. 【小题9】, there will be a higher price to pay. Governments should make policies and take measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and individuals can also make a 【小题10】 (different) by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.

If you want to get fit, make friends with people 【小题1】 enjoy exercising. It may be the best way to stay in shape because 【小题2】 (go) to the gym is infectious (有传染性的), scientists claim. Staying physically active with someone else inspires you to run faster and further, according to the first study of its kind. But it’s bad news for men as the technique only works for women because they 【小题3】 (encourage) by each other. And another study found happiness spreads through social groups, and the closer you are to someone with a sunny character, the more likely you are to be happy as well.