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Born in 1954, Oprah Winfrey is best known for her multi-award-winning talk show as the most influential woman in the world. It's no surprise that her recognition can bring overnight sales fortune that defeats most, if not all, marketing campaigns. The star features about 20 products each year on her "Favorite Things" show. There's even a term for it: the Oprah Effect.

Her television career began unexpectedly. When she was 16 years old, she had the idea of being a journalist to tell other people's stories in a way that made a difference in their lives and the world. She was on television by the time she was 19 years old. And in 1986 she started her own television show with a continuous determination to succeed at first.

TIME magazine wrote, "People would have doubted Oprah Winfrey's swift rise to host of the most popular talk show on TV. In a field dominated by white males, she is a black female of big size. As interviewers go, she is no match for Phil Donahue. What she lacks in journalistic toughness, she makes up for in plainspoken curiosity, rich humor and, above all understanding. Guests with sad stories to tell tend to bring out a tear in Oprah's eye. They, in turn, often find themselves exposing things they would not imagine telling anyone, much less a national TV audience."

"I was nervous about the competition and then I became my own competition raising the bar every year, pushing, pushing, pushing myself as hard as I knew. It doesn't matter how far you might rise. At some point you are likely to fall if you' re constantly doing what we do, raising the bar. If you' re constantly pushing yourself higher, higher the law of averages, you will at some point fall. And when you do, I want you to know this, remember this: there is no such thing as failure. Failure is just life trying to move us in another direction" as Oprah addressed graduates at Harvard on May 30.

【小题1】What does the Oprah Effect refer to in the first paragraph?
A.the influence on talk show hostsB.the power of Oprah's opinions.
C.the effect on a business.D.the audience of Oprah's talk show.
【小题2】What can be inferred about Oprah's television career?
A.She must have been challenged a lotB.She gained fame as planned.
C.It lives up to her parents' expectation.D.She once gave up on her choice.
【小题3】What message did Oprah give to Harvard graduates?
A.Success comes after failure.B.Pushing physical limits makes no sense
C.Aiming higher hurtsD.Failure is part of life.
【小题4】Which of the following best describes Oprah Winfrey?
A.Friendly.B.Humorous
C.Determined.D.Patient
20-21高二下·山东青岛·期末
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Learning Chinese could be one of the most important decisions you ever made. Chinese is becoming the language to learn in the 21st century. With the world’s largest population and a rapidly growing middle class, China stands to become the engine of the world’s economy in the coming years. This will make learning Chinese very important to people in many industries, or to those of us who wish to visit China or learn about its culture and history.

There is an ongoing effort to modernize the writing system and standardize(使标准化) the language. An increasing number of people learning Chinese are learning Mandarin, so unless you absolutely need to learn another dialect (such as Cantonese), be sure to study Mandarin.

For native English speakers Chinese is one of the most difficult and most different languages to learn. The vocabulary is wholly unfamiliar and unlike anything we know. In addition, in the Chinese tone system, words are said in rising or falling tones, which helps to distinguish them. Furthermore, there is the Chinese writing system—a collection of thousands of individual ideograms (表意文字), or symbols, which represent a word or an idea. These ideograms have no phonetic value—that is to say, we can’t tell how the word is pronounced by how it is written. There is a way to present written Chinese in a phonetic script called pinyin. If you are learning Chinese, you'll be working with this pinyin system, but the beauty of the traditional writing system shouldn’t be passed up(放弃). All these factors make learning Chinese difficult for us. Yet, for a determined learner, there’s always a way to overcome them.

【小题1】Why is learning Chinese becoming more and more important?
A.Chinese engines are very welcome.
B.China has the world’s largest population.
C.There are more and more rich people in China.
D.China has become important to the world economy.
【小题2】What can we learn from the text?
A.The author thinks Chinese is as difficult as English.
B.The author is interested in the Chinese language and culture.
C.Foreign languages can play a great role in industrial development.
D.As long as the pinyin system is learned well, one can learn Chinese well.
【小题3】What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A.The difficulties of learning Chinese.
B.The advantages of learning Chinese.
C.The Chinese tone system.
D.The Chinese writing system.
【小题4】What would probably be written following this text?
A.The sources of Chinese characters.
B.The importance of learning Chinese.
C.The advice on how to learn Chinese.
D.The difficulties of learning other languages.

Last year, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that 55million people in the U. S. are “gig workers” which are more than 35 percent of the U. S. workforce. That number is projected to jump to 43 percent by 2020.

People are drawn to gig work(零工)because it brings in a little extra income without a major time commitment. And recent technologies like Skype, Slack, and Dropbox have made the gig life a reality, giving you maximum freedom, an ideal work­life balance, and the chance to pursue your passions.

If you’re thinking of joining the gig economy it’s never been easier. One of the great things about the gig economy(经济)is that you don’t have a boss breathing down your neck. As a freelancer (自由职业者), you no longer have to cater to a company culture or work schedule that might cause physical or emotional stress. Instead,you get to choose the type of work you do and who you work with. But this degree of freedom requires a corresponding amount of discipline. With no boss to make sure you’re on task, it’s all on you.

A lot of gig workers start their careers by hopping on a project because the employer is desperate and in need of help. On the employer’s end, it’s tough to take on people for higher management positions when the pool of talent is full of gig workers who haven’t been given an opportunity to improve their skills. Businesses have to evolve to learn how to account for an influx(涌入)of temporary workers. It is harder for gig workers to become skilled and get promoted.

The workforce is becoming more advanced and educated by the day. You have to keep learning and keep up with industry trends to maintain a competitive edge. This is true even for people in traditional office settings, but it’s critical if you’re your own boss.

【小题1】What made the gig life a reality?
A.An ideal work­life balance.
B.New technologies.
C.A little extra money.
D.Maximum freedom.
【小题2】What does the underlined phrase “breathing down your neck” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Making you unable to breathe freely.
B.Standing very close behind you.
C.Threatening you by saying something.
D.Monitoring you closely.
【小题3】What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A.Employers should invest in training the temporary workers.
B.Gig workers start their jobs out of passion.
C.It’s hard for employers to employ people for higher positions.
D.It’s hard for gig workers to develop skills.
【小题4】Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Gig Economy
B.The Challenges of the Gig Economy
C.The Increase of the Gig Economy
D.The Reasons for the Gig Economy

Meeting at a church on a Friday night is not usual for most college students, but it is for the members of an Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) women’s group in my hometown, which is an organization for alcoholics who want to stop drinking alcohol.

AA is based upon a number of principles,including twelve steps and twelve traditions. The traditions state that the only requirement for membership is a desire to stop drinking. Members read aloud these steps and traditions, as well as a promise.

The AA meeting we attended was a speaker week, which meant that the majority of the time was spent listening to a particular member talk about her journey with alcohol. The speaker recounted her story with addiction. The group processed the story in a positive way. I noticed several times when members laughed, smiled, and made brief supporting comments while she spoke. Later, a member shared with me that “this is the kind of place where you can talk about things, and everyone just laughs...no judgment but support.” Being able to talk about her emotions and experiences, receiving support, and the lack of judgment was a large part of her decision to keep coming to meetings.

Years later, I look back on the meeting with fond memories. It changed the way I looked at addiction. It was no longer an evil faceless monster. I think it’s essential to have support when you’re struggling with addiction, as with any lifestyle change. AA is a prime example of how groups follow a program and commit (致力于) to changing their habits.

And it doesn’t hurt that sometimes after the meeting, everyone has a piece of cake.

【小题1】The main purpose of AA women’s group is to _____.
A.gather on Friday nightsB.stay away from alcohol
C.start an autonomous groupD.promote twelve traditions
【小题2】For some, the highlight of the meeting is to _____.
A.make commentsB.exchange ideas
C.meet new friendsD.have emotional connection
【小题3】What does the author think of the meeting?
A.Meaningful.B.Doubtful.C.Rootless.D.Worthless.
【小题4】By attending the meeting, you can _____.
A.drink some coffeeB.play a game
C.make a mealD.share some food

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