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We often hear such statements: “I spilled (洒出) juice, but it wasn't my fault.” “I got in trouble at school, but it wasn't my fault.” or “I was in a car accident, but it wasn't my fault.” That “It's not my fault.” is a go-to response for so many people and especially teenagers.

Parents complain they are tired of the “excuse”. The reason why variations of “It's not my fault.” are so popular is that it lets us off the hook from guilt and blame. I'm a fan of not owning responsibility for things that I can't control. Teens who often say “It's my fault.” when something bad happens tend to be highly self-critical, perfectionistic and more easier to be troubled by anxiety and depression.

While it is important to recognize lack of reason to blame oneself, many teens over rely on “It's not my fault.” When trying to get them to take responsibility, parents usually attempt to convince their teens that something is their fault. The approach tends to be ineffective and turn into a power struggle. No one wins. A more effective approach can be to stress significant drawbacks to consistently focusing on removing our responsibility with this phrase.

Overuse of the phrase can result in feelings of lack of ability to control their own lives. This sense has been shown to cause low motivation. Besides creating feelings of lack of ability, overuse of “It's not my fault.” focuses a teen's attention on what is done as opposed to what needs to be done.

People may not have caused all their problems but they have to solve them anyway. The example I frequently share with teens is the question of what one will do if he is pushed into a deep lake. One can certainly stay in water, yelling, “It's not my fault.” However, that won't get him out of water. He needs to swim to the shore, regardless of the fault.

If you take a proper approach to communicating with your teens, you can help them avoid over reliance on “It's not my fault.”

【小题1】What phenomenon is described in Paragraph 1?
A.The teenagers' dislike for school life.
B.The common trouble faced by teenagers.
C.The reasons for blaming others for accidents.
D.The tendency for people not to be responsible for mess in life.
【小题2】What type of teens tends to suffer great mental pressure according to the text?
A.Those lacking confidence and ambition.
B.Those allowing others to find excuses.
C.Those unable to get along well with others.
D.Those often blaming themselves for some incidents.
【小题3】What's the author's attitude to parents' usual way of guiding children?
A.Negative.B.Supportive
C.Ambiguous.D.Neutral.
【小题4】What’s the suitable title for this passage?
A.Avoiding troubling others
B.Daring to point out others’ mistake
C.Focusing on how to solve problems
D.Should be self-critical as much as possible.
20-21高三下·甘肃兰州·阶段练习
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A robotic game of cat and mouse in a lab shows us the possibilities of future robots carrying out search-and-rescue missions or wildlife protection without too much human guidance.

The Tianjicat robot developed by researchers at Tsinghua University in China uses a brain-inspired computing chip called TianjicX.The so-called neuromorphic(神经形态)chip can use a variety of Al technologies at the same time in an energy-saving way. It is one example of experiments with neuromorphic systems that could allow small robots to make decisions using limited computing resources and power.

The researchers asked the Tianjicat robot to catch up with another robot that was set to move freely in a room full of barriers. This required Tianjicat to track the mouse robot by using both sight and sound detection,and to find the best way to hunt its pretend prey(猎物)without knocking anything. The team said that the TianjicX chip reduced the amount of power for the robot cat to make decisions.

Performing a cat-and-mouse chase would be more difficult for most other robots, because they usually follow very predictable routines in warehouses or factories, Many robots that interact with more complex and unpredictable environments rely on remote control by human operators, or else must keep wireless connections with distant data centres. Neuromorphic systems haven’t yet been used on a large scale, but their relatively small size, weight and power requirements could provide practical advantages.

The Tianjicat robot is worldwide acknowledged. “For robotics, this is very important because it allows the system to run longer in hard-to-reach environments,” says Jeffrey L.Krichmar at the University of California, Irvine.

【小题1】What’s the advantage of TianjicX?
A.It is much larger.B.It is energy-saving.
C.It is heavier.D.It is cheaper.
【小题2】What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A.Why the robot chased another robot.
B.What the robot’s pretend prey was like.
C.How the experiment for the robot was done.
D.How much power the robot used in an action.
【小题3】What can be inferred from paragraph 4?
A.Neuromorphic systems are widely used now.
B.The Tianjicat robot needs very high power supply.
C.Robots with neuromorphic systems have more advantages.
D.Robots can almost independently perform in difficult environments.
【小题4】What’s Jeffrey L. Krichmar’s attitude to the invention of the Tianjicat robot?
A.Indifferent.B.Doubtful.C.Objective.D.Positive.

Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.

Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious moon cakes.

Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins.

Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Some believe festivals should not be commercialized, while others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.

Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.

【小题1】Why do people in different cultures celebrate the harvest festival?
A.It’s tradition in their religion.
B.It’s a only custom in their culture.
C.It’s a way to express their appreciation and cheers.
D.It’s a chance for people to enjoy themselves together.
【小题2】How did some festivals change over time according to the passage?
A.Fireworks can’t drive the evil spirits away.
B.Festivals play an important role in commerce.
C.People share information faster than before with society developing.
D.People get gifts easier than before due to the increase of the economy.
【小题3】What’s the writer’s attitude towards the commercialization of festivals?
A.Neutral.B.Doubtful.C.Supportive.D.Disapproving.
【小题4】Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?
A.Almost every culture celebrates harvest festival.
B.Festivals are a reflection of people’s outlook on life and values.
C.Festivals have something in common with each other in different cultures.
D.The religious origins of Halloween have disappeared.

It seems that no one can live a happy life without friendship. While a great number of people expect others to be their friends, they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding.

Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends always depend on one another to speak and act honestly.

Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your lunch money or your clothes. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know better.

Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with each other. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so that you can understand the problem better.

No two friendships are exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding.

【小题1】Some friendships don’t last long because ________.
A.there are too many people who want to make friends
B.those who give others friendship receive friendship from others
C.some people receive friendship but don’t give friendship back
D.they don’t know friendship is something important
【小题2】According to the passage, honesty is ________.
A.a necessary part of friendshipB.more important than anything else
C.as important as moneyD.something impossible
【小题3】Which of the following isn’t talked about in the passage?
A.You should tell your friends the truth.
B.Sharing your mind with your friends is valuable.
C.Discussing your problems with your friends often helps to solve the problem.
D.A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.
【小题4】The best title of this passage is ________.
A.Honesty Is the Best RuleB.A Friend in Need Is a Friend indeed
C.How to Be FriendsD.Three Important Points in Life

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