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In recent years we’ve been told to aim to walk 10,000 steps a day to remain healthy, although other advice to do three brisk (轻快的) 10-minute walks a day is thought to be even more effective. But the latest piece of research might put a spring in your step if you’re someone who walks at a fast pace. That’s because, according to scientists, the speed at which people walk in their 40s is a sign of how much their brains, as well as their bodies, are ageing.

The BBC’s Philippa Roxby writes that tests on 1,000 people from New Zealand born in the 1970s found that slower walkers tended to show signs of “accelerated (加速) ageing”. Their lungs, teeth and immune systems were in worse shape than those who walked faster. And to add insult to injury (往伤口撒盐), the study found not only did slower walkers' bodies age more quickly, their faces looked older and they had smaller brains.

This might be seen as a wake-up call for people with a slower pace who might feel it’s time to work out and get fitter. But it might be too late; researchers writing in JAMA Network Open say they were able to predict the walking speed of 45-year-olds using the results of intelligence, language and motor skills tests from when they were aged three. They also suggest that even in early life, there are signs showing which people will go on to have a healthier life.

So, what’s the point of knowing that a slower walking pace might mean a smaller brain? Well, researchers say measuring walking speed at a younger age, and understanding what this might mean, could be a way of testing treatments to slow human ageing. This might help us make lifestyle changes while we’re still young and healthy. Any steps we can take to prolong (延长) a good mental and physical state is a no-brainer!

【小题1】Where is the text probably taken from?
A.A guide book.B.A book review.
C.A science report.D.An advertisement.
【小题2】According to the studies, which of the following is true?
A.Those walking fast tend to have worse teeth.
B.Slow walker may have smaller brains and older faces.
C.Intelligence can be used to predict a person’s life style.
D.It is never too late to start walking fast to become healthier.
【小题3】Which can be the best title for the text?
A.Study on Slow WalkersB.Healthy Life or Nothing
C.Walking Speed and AgeingD.Benefits of Walking Slowly
20-21高二下·浙江衢州·阶段练习
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Shopping is good for your health. It’s official! We all know shopping is torturing men, who painfully stand behind their girlfriends or wives until they are done with their shopping, and affecting the bank balance.【小题1】

The next time you go to a mall, and just observe the ladies there, you will see all of them in the best of their moods. Studies confirm it as a form of cure. Come on, let’s face it. When we go shopping, we feel good about ourselves and the place.【小题2】 And it literally is a way to release stress for most women. Shopping releases hormones which are responsible for lifting your moods and therefore good for your mental health.

Cancel all your gym activities, your diet plans and all those trips to the gym. Scientists have found that women spend an average of 4 hours on shopping during a week. 【小题3】 Although most women do not realize or look at it as a formal form of exercise, it is definitely an effective form of exercise and it requires less motivation.

Some studies have led to the conclusion that shopping is one of the best ways to fight depression. A woman tends to be so absorbed in shopping that she can shop for hours without eating or getting tired. That is exactly the reason why girls usually spend hours shopping after a terrible break-up.【小题4】 Therefore, shopping helps overcome depression. Moreover, it is good to reward yourself occasionally with all those things you fancy.【小题5】

A.It is the simplest way to raise our self-worth.
B.Smart shopping can also save money and energy.
C.Feeling unhappy, you may think about other things instead of shopping.
D.So, the next time you are depressed about something, you know what to do.
E.They walk more than 70 miles per week, using up nearly 200 calories per trip.
F.But we may ignore that shopping can help improve your mental and physical health.
G.It is something that makes them happy and helps them forget their worries and problems.

Spider monkeys know that the best way to find food is in a group. But when they divide to hunt for fruit, there’s no random (随意的) pairing off. Researchers have found that they use collective computation (群体计算) when they break up into teams.

Typically, the older females lead the rest of the younger monkeys, having the final say in group activities. But that’s not the case for wild spider monkeys living in a protected area near Punta Laguna, Mexico.

When they’re ready to search for food, the monkeys form teams without a single leader picking who goes into which group. Instead, each monkey decides which group to join and when to move to another group.

“The spider monkeys seem to be collecting information about resources by forming these small teams, so that as a group they know their environment better than anyone does on its own,” lead study author, Gabriel Ramos-Femandez of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, said.

To study the animals’ behavior, researchers spent two years recording 47 different spider monkeys for five hours each day. For hunting for food, they usually formed groups of 2 to 17 monkeys. Researchers worked together with the scientists to find out how a spider monkey decided to stay with or leave a group. Their study found that the monkeys’ decisions were influenced by the decisions of the other monkeys on the team. They would feel out their teammates about the best size and then make their own decisions accordingly.

The results produced teams of many different sizes, which were helpful in finding fruit in the forest. The researchers said that the collectively computed sizes were sometimes not a perfect match based on the food that was available. They suggest a similar study should be used to examine how other groups or systems work, such as flocks of birds or schools of fish.

【小题1】How do spider monkeys living near Punta Laguna differ from the typical ones?
A.They can live better even in bad weather conditions.
B.The sizes of their teams are decided by each of them.
C.The older monkeys play a leading role in a team.
D.They usually take turns to look for food.
【小题2】Why do spider monkeys divide into small groups according to Ramos-Femandez?
A.To take better care of little spider monkeys.
B.To protect their homes from being damaged.
C.To fight against their natural enemies more easily.
D.To develop a good knowledge of their environment.
【小题3】What will probably cause a spider monkey to leave its team?
A.Its teammates’ choices.
B.The sudden danger that appears.
C.The unfair treatment from teammates.
D.Its disappointment with the amount of food.

The latest Chinese mission to space has made Wang Yaping the first Chinese woman to perform a spacewalk. Before Wang, only 15 women globally had conducted spacewalks since 1984. In the 60 years during which humans have been launched into the orbit, an all-female mission tends to be avoided because it seems like a stunt to purposefully draw attention. But Shenzhou XIII’s six-month journey in space has left much curiosity about the differences between male and female astronauts. Despite great challenges, women’s bodies and minds are uniquely suited for space missions.

First, the weight advantage. Lower body weights are just a small part of it. The rest of the difference comes from the amount of food, oxygen, and other resources needed to keep smaller humans alive. On average, men require 5 to 25 percent more calories a day than women. Smaller people produce less waste, which lowers demands to recycle and remove it. So women are physically more efficient in the sense.

There are considerations beyond the physical conditions. Scientists found that men tend to do well in shorter-term, goal-oriented situations, while women are better in longer-term, steady circumstances, People in steady circumstances are more communicative. Women are born with the social skill, so they are more likely to get along well on long-time space missions.

Does this mean that there is no reason to send men on these missions?Not quite. Data suggests that mixed-gender(性别)teams are the most successful overall.

【小题1】What does the underlined word “stunt” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A.A silly mistake.B.An eye-catching act.
C.A dangerous decision.D.A meaningless effort.
【小题2】Which of the following advantages of women astronauts is NOT mentioned in the text?
A.Better social skills.B.Lower weight.
C.More flexibility.D.Less resource consumption.
【小题3】What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Can Women Make History?B.Women on “Manned” Mission
C.Women Are a Far Cry from MenD.Chinese Space Mission by Women

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