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Whenever we see a button, we are eager to press it because we know something will happen. This is true in most cases, for example on a doorbell and on the "on/off" button on the TV. But some buttons are actually fake , like the “close” button on a lift.

Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they don't have the patience to wait for the lift doors to shut. But lifts “close” buttons are a complete trick, at least in the US-the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.

It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US, making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter. Only US firefighters and repairmen can use the buttons to speed up the door-closing process if they have a code or special keys.

But to normal lift riders, the buttons aren't completely useless. According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control. "Perceived (能够感知的)control is very important. It reduces stress and increases well-being," Ellen J. Langer, a psychology professor, said, “Having a lack of control is connected with depression (抑郁).”

Experts have expressed that a lot of buttons that don't do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose. For example, many offices in the US have fake thermostats (温度调节器)because people tend to feel better when they think they can control the temperature in their workspace.

But Psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”, they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.

“That habit is here to stay,” John Kounios, a psychology professor, said, “Even though I have real doubts about the traffic light buttons, I always press them. After all, I've got nothing else to do while waiting. So why not press the button in the hope that this one will work?”

【小题1】What was the author's main purpose in writing the article?
A.To describe some different kinds of fake buttons.
B.To explore people's different habits when it comes to pushing buttons.
C.To tell the uses of fake buttons.
D.To explain the advantages and disadvantages of fake buttons.
【小题2】Which may be the best title for the passage?
A.Buttons in the USA.
B.Buttons Always Lie.
C.Buttons May not Work.
D."Close" Buttons on lifts.
【小题3】According to John Kounios, people who press fake buttons____.
A.don't know that what they press is fake.
B.should give up this habit.
C.consider what they do to be meaningless.
D.probably do so to kill time.
【小题4】In America, the “close” buttons on lifts____ .
A.were specially designed to give people a sense of control.
B.are fake for the convenience of disabled people.
C.work only when people press them hard for a while.
D.cannot speed up the process of closing the door in any case.
20-21高一下·江西新余·期末
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Dog parks on Long Island

For dog lovers, parking dogs sometimes might be a problem. From entertainment facilities to park tips, we’ve collected everything you need to know before you take your pet for an afternoon of outdoor fun.

1. Amagansett, Napeague State Park

Amagansett, Napeague State Park, Route 27. Dogs are allowed on a leash(狗链)in this undeveloped park, which includes trails, wooded areas and roads. Access to the beach. No water source or public bathrooms.

2. East Meadow, Eisenhower Park

East Meadow, Eisenhower Park, Salisbury Park Drive and Stewart Avenue, East Meadow. In addition to dhaded seating, each run has a water source. Permits are free, but required.

3. Calverton, Isaac Park

Calverton, Isaac Park, on the Grumman Site, within Veteran’s Memorial Park. Separated by large and small dogs, this half-acre plot has shade trees, seating and access to the beach. Bring your own water’ leashed dog can be walked on some trails; Town of Riverhead residents only.

4. Broolhaven, Robinson Duck Farm Dog Park

Broolhaven, Robinson Duck Farm Dog Park, 2903 Montauk Hwy. This 3-acre park has areas for large and small dogs, but no water source. Large-dog area includes a training course. $18 yearly pass for village residents.

5. Massapequa, Clocks Boulevard Park

Massapequa, Clocks Boulevard Park, off Louden Avenue and Sunrise Highway. At larger than 1 acre, this dog park has lots of room to run and wooded areas for shade. Open dawn to dusk. Water sources are available in both the large- and small-dog areas. It has enough parking and seating. Open to Town of Oyster Bay residents.

【小题1】In which parks are water sources available?
A.Isaac Park and Eisenhower Park.
B.Napeague State Park and Isaac Park.
C.Eisenhower Park and Clocks Boulevard Park.
D.Robinson Duck Farm Dog Park and Clocks Boulevard Park.
【小题2】What is required if you are visiting Isaac Park?
A.Buying a permit.
B.Spending $18 every year.
C.Keeping public bathrooms clean.
D.The identity as a resident of Town Of Riverhead.
【小题3】What’s special about Robinson Duck Farm Dog Park?
A.Dogs can be trained there.B.It has large room for dogs.
C.Dogs can get shade there.D.It is free for village residents.

At the beginning of the century there was a big farm called Hollywood Ranch. It was near Los Angeles in California. A few years later Hollywood was one of the famous places of the world. From 1910s to the 1950s Hollywood was the film center of the world. Every family knew the names of its film stars Charlie Chaplin, Grete Garbo, Bergman and hundreds more.

The reason why people went to Hollywood to make films was the sun. At first people made films in New York on the east coast of the United States. But then they heard about Los Angeles where there are 350 days of sun every year. As they made all the films by sunlight, the west coast was a much better place to work.

Also near Hollywood you can find mountains and sea and desert. They did not have to travel far to make any kind o film

When TV became popular in the 1960s, Hollywood started making films for television. Then in 1970s they discovered people still went to cinema to see big expensive films. After twenty years they are still making films in Hollywood and people watch them all over the world.

【小题1】Hollywood used to be a       .
A.cinemaB.big farm
C.parkD.market
【小题2】Who was not mentioned as a film star in the passage?
A.Charlie Chaplin.B.Marilyn Monroe
C.Ingrid BergmanD.Greta Garbo.
【小题3】People went to Hollywood to make films because       .
A.it was a beautiful placeB.you could find many film stars
C.there was a lot of sunlight thereD.it was a famous place
【小题4】Which statement is true?
A.The west coast was a better place to make films.
B.There are no mountains near Hollywood.
C.People no longer went to the cinema after television became popular.
D.Hollywood began to make films for television before the First World War.

When it comes to a public library, you usually think of books and computers for people to use. You can even think of educational lectures and concerts that are often held in the library. But few people would expect to have a farm in the library.

But why not? After all, with rising costs, food safety is a community-wide issue. The Cicero Public Library near Syracuse in New York solved this problem by building a farm on its land. When Meg Backus saw all the open space in the library across the street from the building, he realized it could be used to benefit the community.

The farm was created in 2011 and in the beginning, 40 members of the library brought seeds (种子), water, and supplies to see if they could grow food on the land. It turned out that they could. To get the needed supplies for a larger farm, the library began to work with the organization Syracuse Grows Agency.

The community farm donates (捐赠) over 200 pounds of fresh produce (农产品) to local food banks every year. Half of the growing area is used as the Food Educational Garden. The other half is used by growers themselves. During the year, there are educational programs held at the library to teach people how to garden. There are also a lot of gardening books that can be used at the library.

Lauren Rosenstein, a worker of the library, said that she felt like she was giving something back to the community. “You’re really making a difference as a local community because you’re growing the food that people are eating.”

【小题1】Why did Meg Backus build the farm?
A.To earn money.
B.To attract more readers.
C.To improve food safety.
D.To teach readers how to grow food.
【小题2】How did the 40 members feel at first?
A.Doubtful.B.Stressed.C.Hopeless.D.Confident.
【小题3】What are educational programs held at the library mainly about?
A.Farmers’ life.B.Food donation.C.Gardening skills.D.Food banks.
【小题4】What’s the best title for the text?
A.Make a Farm PopularB.Turn a Library into a Farm
C.Meet the First Library FarmD.Find a Job on a Library Farm

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