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She was the 19th-century founder of modern nursing, known for her continuous care of wounded soldiers in the Crimean War. In an earlier age of contagion (接触性传染),she was far ahead of her time in realizing that cleanliness, fresh air and open-air exercise helped patients recover from injury and disease.

Now an unpublished letter that Florence Nightingale received as a teenager from her father shows that he was a major inspiration in shaping her approach to a healthy mind and body.

In 1835, William Nightingale wrote to his daughter setting out a routine for keeping fit. "Exercise for 10 minutes every day before breakfast. Before you dress do the exercise of the arms 20 times. In the course of the day, 20 minutes' exercise must be done and if not done well, another 10 minutes should be added ... Some new poetry to be learned and two things prepared for this evening. If any of these things aren't finished, you will work them up the next day."

The letter will feature in a book, Florence Nightingale at Home, to be published in November. The letter is among the unpublished materials on which the book's four authors have drawn and it offers new insights into her pioneering work.

Nightingale had a happy childhood at a time of widespread child labor and high baby death rates when most people lived in small, unclean houses and hospitals were dirty and badly run with many patients having little hope of coming out alive. When Nightingale first became famous, people were amazed at the idea that someone used to living in a country house would give that up in order to nurse the poor. Her own parents were also shocked to learn that she wanted to become a nurse in an age when nurses were thought of as morally wrong.

William Nightingale's 1835 letter was among the unpublished materials unearthed from piles of boxes at Claydon House where Nightingale's sister lived, now a National Trust property.

【小题1】Why did Florence Nightingale's father write the letter to her?
A.To ensure her a happy childhood.
B.To plan a road to success for her.
C.To inspire her to build a healthy mind and body.
D.To make her the founder of the modern nursing.
【小题2】What can be inferred from the text?                                      
A.Florence Nightingale was a soldier in the Crimean War.
B.Florence Nightingale disliked his father's way of education.
C.Most people in Florence Nightingale's time suffered a lot.
D.Florence Nightingale's parents were amazed at her decision.
【小题3】Which of the following best describes Florence Nightingale?
A.Curious and patient.B.Determined and caring.
C.Attractive and honest.                                           D.Humorous and hardworking.
【小题4】What can be a suitable title for the text?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
A.The strictness of a great father.B.The founder of modern nursing.
C.A review of Florence Nightingale at Home.D.A significant letter to Nightingale.
20-21高一下·江苏盐城·期末
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With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.

The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.

Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.

“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”

And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”

It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001to 419,000 in 2013.

Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.

Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.

【小题1】Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?
A.Nick.B.Rita.C.KathrynD.The daughters.
【小题2】What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law?
A.Positive.B.Carefree.C.Tolerant.D.Unwilling.
【小题3】What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on?
A.Family traditions.B.Financial reports.C.Published statistics.D.Public opinions.
【小题4】What is the text mainly about?
A.Lifestyles in different countries.B.Conflicts between generations.
C.A housing problem in Britain.D.A rising trend of living in the UK.

Because of wasting some expensive gold wrapping paper, a man punished his 5-year-old daughter. Money was little and he became more upset when the child used the gold paper to decorate a box and put it under a Christmas tree.

However, the little girl brought the gift box to her father the next morning and said, “ This is for you, daddy.”

The father was embarrassed by his earlier anger, but he got angry again when he found the box empty. He spoke to her in a serious manner, “Don’t you know young lady, when you give someone a present, there’s supposed to be something inside the package?”

The little girl looked up at him with tears in her eyes and said, “Oh Daddy, it is not empty. I blew kisses into it until it was full.” The father was moved. He fell on his knees and put his arms around his little girl and he begged her to forgive his unnecessary anger.

An accident took the life of the child away only a short time later and it is told that the father kept the gold box by his bed for all the years of his life. Whenever he was discouraged or faced difficult problems, he would open the box and take out an imaginary kiss and remember the child who had put it there.

【小题1】The man easily got angry because __________________.
A.his family was very poorB.his daughter didn’t send him gifts
C.his daughter often wasted waterD.his daughter asked him for gifts
【小题2】How did the man feel when he found the box empty on Christmas Day?
A.PleasedB.EmbarrassedC.ExcitedD.Angry
【小题3】What was in the box in the daughter’s opinion?
A.She forgot to put gifts in the boxB.She had no money to buy gifts
C.She didn’t know how to send giftsD.She put something into the box
【小题4】What happened to the girl in the end?
A.She went to primary schoolB.She lost her father in an accident
C.She lost her life in an accidentD.She lived with her father happily.
【小题5】The story mainly tells us ________________.
A.the girl loved her father very muchB.the father felt sorry for her daughter
C.we should send gifts to our familiesD.we should share love with our families

Larry and I have always had our basic values in common, but our interests are as far apart as opera and basketball. I love art, and he is a huge sports fan. His big passion is seeing basketball games. He has been sharing season tickets with his friends for years. I must admit I’ve been always invited to see the games together.

This morning, I called my brother, Larry, and said, “I have a piece of good news and ad piece of bad news. Which do you want to hear first?” “Good news first,” Larry answered. “You can go to sleep early tonight,” I said. “Okay. What’s the bad one?” he asked. “We’re going to the opera!” I answered, laughing loudly.

There was a reason for the joke. The last time I invited him to go to the opera, he fell asleep in the theater. I had to admit it was always boring for him, but when I gave him a ticket for my favorite opera, I really thought he might enjoy it. I woke him up, but soon he fell asleep again. When Larry found I was joking, he breathed a sigh of relief on the other end. He said, “But I want you to go to see the last basketball game this autumn with me.” I promised and complained, “Not again!” Actually, most of the time, when the game was on, I’d be texting or daydreaming. Sometimes, my telephone messages would be interrupted when the home team scored. I knew they scored because everyone jumped up and exchanged high-fives and fist bumps.

However, today, as I looked around at thousands of people cheering and getting increasingly excited, I was determined to at least give it a try — for my brother’s sake, if not for my own. The game was intense, and I was hooked soon. When the other team scored, I eventually felt a bit disappointed with the rest of my crowd. My brother was surprised to see me getting involved. I was astonished myself! I didn’t keep glancing at the clock, counting the minutes until we got out, Time flew. The game was over before I knew it.

【小题1】How does the author develop paragraph 2?
A.By listing data.B.By giving an example.
C.By making comparisons.D.By quoting a conversation.
【小题2】What was the author’s initial reaction to basketball games?
A.Puzzled.B.PleasedC.Casual.D.Curious.
【小题3】What does the underlined word “hooked” in the last paragraph mean?
A.Addicted.B.Satisfied,C.Bored.D.Disappointed.
【小题4】What can be the best title for the text?
A.Art and SportB.From Opera to Basketball
C.Cheering for the Home TeamD.Developing a Passion for Opera

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