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For years and years people have been saying that railways are dead. “We can do without railways,” people say--as if motorcars and planes have made those railways unnecessary. We all keep hearing that trains are slow, lose money and are dying. But this is far from the truth. In these days of expensive oil, railways have become highly competitive with motorcars and planes. If you want to carry people or goods from place to place, they’re cheaper than planes. And they have much in common with planes. A plane goes in a straight line and so does a railway. What’s more, a railway takes you from the city centre into another centre. It doesn’t hold you up as a car does in endless traffic jams. And a single train can carry goods which no plane or motorcar could ever do.

Far from being dead, railways are very much alive. Modern railway lines give you a smooth, untroubled journey. Where else can you eat well, sleep in comfort, feel safe and enjoy the scene while you are travelling at speed at the same time? And we are only at the beginning, for we have just entered the age of super-fast trains, which are travelling at 250 miles an hour or more. So we will be wondering why we spend so much on motorcars we can't use and planes we can't fly in. After all, we have not enough money to buy the oil.

【小题1】People say railways are unnecessary because they think ______.
A.trains cause traffic jams
B.trains carry goods only
C.trains go in a straight line
D.trains are slow and lose money
【小题2】The writer’s idea seems to be that ______.
A.motorcars and planes are better than trains
B.trains go as fast as motorcars and planes
C.we still need railways in modern times
D.trains have nothing in common with motorcars
【小题3】Compared with planes, one of the advantages of trains is that they ______.
A.can take you from place to place
B.carry goods and people cheaply
C.don't hold you up on the way
D.can travel at 250 miles an hour
【小题4】According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A.It is more expensive to travel by train than by plane.
B.No railway station is at the city centre.
C.It is comfortable travelling on a train.
D.Planes and motorcars have replaced trains.
【小题5】What would be the best title for the passage?
A.Railways, Still Alive.
B.Planes Are Dead.
C.Trains, Motorcars or Planes?
D.Super-fast Trains.
19-20高一下·天津东丽·期末
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TRAIN TRAVEL INFORMATION

We offer several distinct options for you to choose the ticket that suits you best.

Ticket typeDiscount*Notes
standard returns20%return within 60days of the outward trip
same-day returns25%ticket cannot be altered or refunded
children40%children between 4 and 11
students25%student card must be shown
senior citizens25%senior card must be shown
groups
(10-25 people)
15%discount on each section of the trip
globe-trotter ticketsaccording to the ticketRailpass, Tourist Card or Econopass must be shown

Only one discount may apply to each fare.

CHANGES AND REFUNDS

Tickets may be refunded no later than five minutes before the departure of the train for a charge of 15% of the ticket price, or the journey may be changed to another day for a charge of 10% of the ticket price.(Not applicable to same-day returns.)

CHANGES FOR SAME-DAY TRAVEL

You may change your ticket once without charge for a journey on the same day as the original ticket.

INFORMATION OF INTEREST TO TRAVELERS

1. When you buy a ticket, you must check that the dates and times of the journey on it are exactly the same as these you requested.

2. Ticket control and access to each train platform will be open until two minutes before the departure of the train.

3. Each traveler may take one suitcase and one item of hand luggage. You may also check in 15 kg of luggage no later than 30 minutes before departure, at no extra charge.

4. If you would like to charter a train or make reservations for over 25 passengers traveling together, please call the Sales Department.

OUR TIMETABLE IS GUARANTEED

If the arrival of your train at the destination is delayed by more than five minutes according to the timetable and if the delay is caused by us, we will refund the full price of your ticket.

【小题1】If two 85-year-old travelers want to buy two "standard returns" tickets, they will receive a________discount in all.
A.20%B.25%C.45%D.50%
【小题2】Which of the following statements is true?
A.A large group of people who want to travel together and reserve seats should visit the Sales Department.
B.Passengers can change their journey to another day for free.
C.The full price of the train ticket can be refunded if the train is delayed.
D.It is the passenger's responsibility to make sure that the dates and times on the ticket are correct.
【小题3】This passage is mainly written to________.
A.introduce the luggage allowance on the trainB.give some key information on train travel
C.describe the policies of changes and refundsD.compare the discounts of different ticket types

French company Airseas has promised to help cargo (货物) ships reduce their fuel consumption, and cut their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by an average of 20%. And they’re doing this with the Seawing — a 1,000-square-meter kite that will fly 300 meters (about 984 feet) above the water’s surface. So the global shipping industry is apparently rediscovering the joy and efficiency of sails.

The large, ship-sized kite is currently being developed, and the company plans to start a factory to produce the Seawing in 2026. Once manufactured, Airseas has promised that launching and operating the Seawing on a cargo ship will be automated, making it easy to use for the crew. The kite and the equipment that launches it are fixed on a boat’s deck, and the crew can simply press some buttons and a large kite will rise into the sky. That’s not to say that the cargo ships won’t use their engines at all, but the kite will take some pressure off of those engines and will reduce the need for fuel. The wind will move the ship, just like it did for hundreds of years in the old days before industrialization.

Lowering emissions by 20% may not seem like a big deal, but moving vast amounts of goods back and forth on the high seas creates 3% of the world’s GHG emissions. That’s more than the airline industry, which produced about 2% of the world’s emissions in 2021, according to the International Energy Agency. Shipping is also a massive industry, and one worth focusing on for lowering emissions. About 90% of the world’s traded goods are moved around via ships, according to the International Chamber of Shipping.

Some companies are expecting this new version of sails. Japanese shipping company, “K” Line, has placed orders for the Seawing kite, and the European Union has also invested more than $2 million in funding.

【小题1】What is French company Airseas trying to do?
A.Produce big kites to seize the market.B.Make sea exploration easy and joyful.
C.Participate in kite-flying competitions.D.Ship cargoes with low fuel consumption.
【小题2】What can we know about the Seawing?
A.It will completely replace engines.B.It will be much larger than a ship.
C.It will be easily operated by the crew.D.It will follow the cargo ship at sea.
【小题3】What does the author want to convey by listing the figures in paragraph 3?
A.Airline industry should give way to shipping industry.
B.It is hard to cut the GHG emissions in shipping industry.
C.Lowering fuel consumption in shipping deserves our efforts.
D.Shipping industry produces most of the world’s GHG emissions.
【小题4】Which is the best title for the text?
A.Shipping industry is getting popular againB.The GHG emissions are being greatly reduced
C.Seawing factories are to be opened in EuropeD.Kites on boat will help cut GHG emissions

People have dreamt of flying since written history began. In the 1400s, Leonardo da Vinci drew detailed plans for humman flying machines. You might have thought the invention of mechanised flight would have put an end to such ideas. Far from it. For many enthusiasts, the ultimate flight fantasy is the jet pack, a small piece of equipment on your back which enables you to climb into the air and fly forwards, backwards and turn. Eric Scott was a stuntman in Hollywood for about a decade and has used jet packs to fly into the air more than 600 times. Now he works for an energy drink company that pays him to travel around the world with his jet pack. As Scott says, “I get to do what I love and wherever I go I advertise Go Fast drinks. Existing packs work for little more than 30 seconds, but people are working on designs which could let you fly around for 20 minutes. That would be amazing.”

Paramotoring is another way of getting into the air. A paramotor combines the paraglider with a motor which provides enough force and is now becoming popular. Chris Clarke has been flying a paramotor for five years. “ Getting about is roughly comparable with driving a petrol-powered car in terms of expense. The trouble is that paramotoring is ill-suited to commuting because of the impossibility of taking off in strong winds,” says Clarke.

Another keen paramotorist recently experienced a close call when in the air. “I started to get a warm feeling in my back,” says Patrick Vandenbulcke. “ I thought I was just sweating. But then I started to feel burning and I realised I had to get to the ground fast. After an inspection of the engine later, I noticed that the exhaust pipe had moved during the flight and the equipment had started melting.” This hasn’t put Vandenbulcke off, however, and he is enthusiastic about persuading others to take up paramotoring.

Fun though it is, the sport fails to satisfy many fliers because they cannot soar as swiftly as birds. Then emerged jet-powered flying, a new technology equipped with jet turbines and special wings, just like those of a bird. Yves Rossy, who has been labelled “the Birdman”, is widely recognised as the first jet-powered flying man.

In May 2008, he stepped out of an aircraft at about 3000 metres. Within seconds he was soaring and diving at over 290 kph, at one point reaching 300 kph, about 104 kph faster than the typical falling skydiver. His speed was monitored by a plane flying alongside. Rossy started his flight with a free fall, and then he powered four jet turbines to keep him in the air before releasing a parachute which enabled him to float to the ground. The jet turbines were attached to special wings which he could unfold. The wings were made by a German firm called JCT Composites. Initially he had consulted with a company called Jet-Kit which specialised in small planes, but the wings they made for him weren’t strong enough to support the weight of the engines. Rossy says he has become the first person to keep a stable horizontal flight, thanks to carbon foldable wings. Without these special wings, it is doubtful he would have managed to do this.

Rossy’s ambitions include flying down the Grand Canyon, and to do this, he will have to fit his wings with bigger jets. The engines he currently uses already provide enough thrust to allow him to climb through the air, but then he needs more power to stay there. In terms of the physical strength involved, Rossy insists it’s no more difficult than riding a motorbike. If he makes it, other fliers will want to know whether they too will someday be able to soar. The answer is yes, possibly, but it is unlikely to be more than an expensive hobby.

【小题1】What does Eric Scott expect of the jet pack?
A.It can be used in advertising.B.It can allow fliers to fly longer.
C.It can replace mechanised flight.D.It can be accepted by Hollywood.
【小题2】Which of the follwing was important for Rossy’s successful flight in May 2008?
A.The wings produced by JCT Composites.B.The assistance from a plane flying alongside.
C.The special jet turbines provided by Jet-Kit.D.The guidance offered by a falling skydiver.
【小题3】What technical problem is Rossy trying to solve?
A.How to land his aircraft safely.B.How to improve his motorbike.
C.How to make the jets more powerful.D.How to use his wings to climb in the air.
【小题4】What can be the best title for the passage?
A.Can Yves Rossy succeed again?B.Is jet-powered flying safe enough?
C.Is flying with jet turbines an expensive hobby?D.Can humans fly long distances without a plane?

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