For students chasing lasting wealth, the best choice of a college major is less obvious than you might think.
The conventional wisdom is that computer science and engineering majors have better employment ______ and higher earnings than their peers who choose liberal arts.
This is true for the first job, but the long-term story is more ______. The advantage for STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) majors ______ steadily after their first jobs, and by age 40, the earnings of people who majored in fields like social science or history have reached the same level.
This happens for two reasons. First, many of the latest technical skills that are in high ______ today become out-dated when technology progresses. Older workers must learn these new skills on the fly, ______ younger workers may have learned them in school. Skill undesirability and the increased ______ from younger graduates work together to lower the earnings advantage for STEM degree-holders as they age.
Second, although liberal arts majors start low, they ______ catch up to their peers in STEM fields. This is by design. A liberal arts education ______ valuable "soft skills" like problem-solving, critical thinking and adaptability. Such skills are hard to quantify, and they don't create clear ______ to high-paying first jobs. But they have ______ in a wide variety of careers in the long run.
According to the Census Bureau's American Community Survey, computer science and engineering majors between the ages of 23 and 25 earned 37% higher than the average starting salary of those majoring in history or social sciences. ______, the average salary of those majoring in computer science or engineering by age 40 was $111,870, and social science and history majors earned $131,154, an average that is ______ in part, by high-paying jobs in management, business and law.
Why did that happen? According to a 2018 survey, the three ______ of college graduates that employers considered most important were written communication, problem-solving and the ability to work in a team. In the liberal arts tradition, these skills are built through the ______ between instructors and students, and through close reading and analysis of a broad range of subjects and texts.
I'm not suggesting that students should avoid majoring in STEM fields, but I do think we should be careful of the urge to make college curricula ever more ______ and career-focused. A four-year college degree should prepare students for the next 40 years of working life, and for a future that none of us can imagine.
【小题1】A.perspectives | B.processes | C.performances | D.prospects |
【小题2】A.complicated | B.unique | C.interesting | D.believable |
【小题3】A.sharpens | B.dominates | C.fades | D.worsens |
【小题4】A.spirit | B.favour | C.esteem | D.demand |
【小题5】A.otherwise | B.while | C.since | D.therefore |
【小题6】A.concern | B.caution | C.competition | D.cooperation |
【小题7】A.dramatically | B.gradually | C.rapidly | D.obviously |
【小题8】A.fosters | B.admires | C.describes | D.weakens |
【小题9】A.exits | B.shortcuts | C.alternatives | D.pathways |
【小题10】A.shortage | B.hardship | C.value | D.wisdom |
【小题11】A.Still | B.However | C.Besides | D.Instead |
【小题12】A.calculated | B.stressed | C.compared | D.lifted |
【小题13】A.qualities | B.elements | C.characters | D.majors |
【小题14】A.argument | B.relationship | C.dialogue | D.gap |
【小题15】A.technical | B.liberal | C.intellectual | D.classical |