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Fortunately or otherwise, moats(护城河)have been part of my neighborhood throughout my more than 60-year life. No matter where we moved, our house was never more than 300 meters away from the moat that is not far enough to avoid the overpowering unpleasant gas that wafted night and day from the putrid water of the moat where untreated sewage had been dumped for centuries. Later, I shifted to the capital. My house was just 50 meters away from a moat and its stench was no different than that from the one in Xi’an.

A few years after I shifted to the capital, the Xi’an authorities began cleaning the moat. Thousands of residents who were forced to stand the stench volunteered to help with the cleaning and after years of efforts, they turned the moat into a tourist attraction along with the famous city wall. It took a few more years for the Beijing authorities to start cleaning the moat near my house. It was dredged and its bed paved. More sewage plants were installed to treat the polluted water which was then re-released into the moat. And restaurants and factories along the moat were shifted elsewhere to prevent untreated water or waste from being discharged into it. Now the moat is perhaps the most attractive part of the Yuan Capital Relics Park. The 10-kilometer-long moat is my favorite place for evening walk. The cleaning of the moats in Xi’an and Beijing exemplify the efforts China has made to clean rivers, lakes, canals and moats.

While the government’s determination, huge investment and strict supervision are responsible for the improvement in water quality, China’s unique “river chief mechanism” has also played an important role in the success. The mechanism, introduced in 2007, assigns the upkeep and health of each part of a river to the top official of that area. Along the moat near my home in Beijing. there are many billboards with the phone numbers of local authorities who are also the river chiefs of different sections of the moat, asking residents to report any activities that could pollute the moat. I have no idea how many river chiefs there are in China, but I know there are at least five for the 10-km-long moat.

But for all the progress it has made in environmental and ecological protection, China still has a long way to go to improve water quality to the highest level, because despite more than 90 percent of the waste water being treated in urban areas, sewage treatment is not yet effective in rural areas.

【小题1】What is the writer’s original feeling about the moat?
A.It was attractive.B.It was fragrant.
C.It was disgusting.D.It was magical.
【小题2】Which of the following words has the same meaning with the underlined word in paragraph 2?
A.DraggedB.PolishedC.ClearedD.Removed
【小题3】What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 3?
A.Residents mainly take charge of the moat nearby.
B.Residents must inform officials of daily activities.
C.River chiefs help residents sort the household waste.
D.River chiefs play a positive part in improving the moat.
【小题4】what can we infer from the passage?
A.Eco-friendly China will continue to improve water quality.
B.China possesses the most effective tools to better water quality.
C.China is far from active in improving water quality.
D.The progress made in eco-protection can be wholly achieved across the country.
2021·江西景德镇·一模
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Travelling is undoubtedly one of the most valuable learning experiences one can have. Whether it’s the people you meet or the things you see, travelling provides more valuable life lessons than school. 【小题1】. Here are four reasons why travelling is such a valuable learning experience:

Travelling forces you out of your comfort zone.

School provides a safe environment where you feel comfortable with people who share similar cultures and backgrounds. Meanwhile, travelling means new foods, cultures, languages, people, and places to explore. 【小题2】 And it is a good thing, because it will help you grow as a person.

Travelling allows you to see and experience new ways of life.

【小题3】 Reading about it in a textbook is not the same as living it. Travelling gives you a new perspective(观点) on how you live and helps you understand and appreciate different cultures.

【小题4】

Moving to a new place far away from home requires you to adapt to a new culture, language, and customs. Overcoming these challenges and accomplishing things you never thought possible will build your confidence and self-esteem(自尊心).

Travelling helps you be comfortable with uncertainty and the unexpected.

If there’s only one thing you can be sure of while travelling, it’s that trips don’t always go according to plans. There are plenty of things that can go wrong and that can force you to change your plans. Travel teaches you to be flexible, go with the flow, and accept uncertainty. 【小题5】

In conclusion, travelling is an enriching experience that provides valuable life lessons that cannot be learned in a classroom. It helps you grow as a person, build confidence, appreciate different cultures, and become more adaptable to change.

A.Travel with an open mind.
B.Travelling helps you build confidence.
C.It pushes you out of your comfort zone.
D.Instead of being told something, you experience it.
E.Travellers love to make plans, but they also like to break them.
F.This skill is necessary in life as plans often change unexpectedly.
G.Nothing compares to experiencing a different way of life firsthand

Would you eat a ready meal from the fridge rather than cook by yourself? Have you been doing Internet shopping rather than going to the stores? What can’t you be bothered to do?

A study into how lazy British people are has found more than half of the adults are so idle (懒散的)that they’d catch the lift rather than climb two flights of stairs.

Just over 2000 people were quizzed by independent researchers at Nuffield Health, Britain's largest health center. The results were extremely surprising.

About one in six people questioned said if their remote control was broken, they would continue watching the same channel rather than get up.

More than one third of those questioned said they would not run to catch a bus. Worryingly, of the 654 respondents with children, 64% said they were often too tired to play with them.

This led the report to conclude that it's no wonder that one in six children in the UK are classified as obese (very fat) before they start school.

Dr Sarah Dauncey, medical director of Nuffield Health, said, “ People need to get fitter, not just for their own reason, but for the reason for their families, friends and evidently (明显地;显然)their pets too.”

"If we don't start to take control of this problem, a whole generation will become too unfit to perform even the most fundamental tasks."

And Scotland's largest city, Glasgow, was shamed as the most idle city in the UK, with 75% questioned admitting they do not get enough exercise, followed closely by Birmingham and Southampton, both with 67%.

The results bring serious challenges for the National Health Service, where obesity-related illnesses such as heart disease and cancer have been on a steady increase for the past 40 years and are costing billions of pounds every year.

【小题1】How many people questioned don’t play with their children?
A.1280.B.More than 333.
C.654.D.About 420.
【小题2】The study leads us to believe that .
A.the pets in the UK will be in trouble if their owners keep their way of life
B.Glasgow people feel ashamed because they don't get enough exercise
C.British people are the laziest around the world
D.five sixths of the British children are healthy
【小题3】How does the author convince the readers?
A.By presenting the results of a study.
B.By providing answers to questions.
C.By interviewing some experts.
D.By telling a story.

As the Internet is closely linked to almost every aspect of modern life, it’s difficult to avoid having some kind of presence online.

【小题1】 It is like the evidence you might leave behind after going camping, such as remains of a campfire, your dinner scraps(碎屑), and the path you carved in the woods while hiking.

【小题2】 This footprint tends to fall into two categories, depending on whether you’re leaving an active digital footprint or a passive one. An active digital footprint is data you leave on the Internet because you intended to do so, such as emails and text messages, comments you’ve left on articles or videos, and social media posts. 【小题3】 Unintentional data can be cookies and tracking data created by web browsing activity, geolocation data generated when using maps, your IP address and so on.

In some cases, there’s a legal use of your digital footprint. Some website owners and advertisers collect information about your online habits and purchasing preferences to better accommodate your need. But the data can also be used by hackers, criminals and other malicious actors. 【小题4】 Besides, criminals can gather enough information about a person to target them for fraud.

It’s inevitable to leave some sort of digital footprint in your wake online. To reduce the risk, avoid using your primary email address when creating online accounts. Don’t overshare your personal life. 【小题5】

A.In the case of your digital footprint, the evidence you leave behind is data.
B.You can create disposable(一次性的)email addresses to avoid the risk.
C.Perhaps the biggest risk people face online is having their identity stolen.
D.Likewise, your passive digital footprint is created by your unintentional data.
E.And not giving websites the right to sell your data may also minimize the risk.
F.Increasingly, websites are adding privacy tools to restrict the use of your personal information.
G.The degree to which you leave traces of your online activities is referred to as your digital footprint.

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