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After nearly two months of relative silence among new waves ofCOVID-19 pandemic infection in Japan, organizers of Tokyo Olympics on Wednesday released the first of playbooks that will instruct athletes, officials and members of the news media on the procedures they must follow at the rescheduled Games.

Already delayed by a year, the opening ceremony is now a little more than 120 days away. Organizers must find a way to accommodate and ensure the safety of more than 10,000 athletes who view this summer as the result of years of sacrifice and training.

For now, the best that organizers could offer were the outlines of a plan. Athletes and other attendees will not be required to be vaccinated (接种疫苗) or to quarantine (隔离) on arrival in Japan, but they will be subject to severe restrictions on movement and socializing. All athletes will be required to test negative for COVID-19 within 72 hours of their departure for Japan and give in to another test on arrival.

The organizers said the documents were not an end. They would wait until spring to decide if audiences will be permitted to travel to Tokyo. If fans are eventually allowed to attend, the documents suggest they be asked to express support for athletes only in the form of clapping, rather than singing or chanting. To track outbreaks, visitors from abroad will have to file a list of everyone they have close contact with during that initial 14-day period.

Olympic officials see some reason for optimism. In many parts of the world, professional sporting events have been held for months, though often with very few or no spectators at all, and nothing as large as the Summer Games.

【小题1】Which is a function of the playbooks according to Paragraph 1?
A.Guiding athletes into facilities.B.Teaching athletes to follow the steps of the Games.
C.Informing reporters of upcoming events.D.Training officials in organizational work.
【小题2】What will athletes be required to do on arriving in Japan?
A.To prove COVID-19 negative with a test.
B.To be banned from moving around and socializing.
C.To test negative for COVID-19 within 72 hours of arrival.
D.To be vaccinated and to quarantine for at least 72 hours.
【小题3】Which of the following can be concluded from the text?
A.The playbooks mark the end of preparations for the Olympics.
B.Foreigners won’t be vaccinated because the pandemic will have ended.
C.Foreigners will report their initial 14-day’s close contacts.
D.Foreign visitors will flood to Japan to watch the Olympics.
【小题4】What is the prospect of the Tokyo Olympiad?
A.It will be ever the most successful sporting event.
B.It is still unpredictable with uncertainties.
C.The number of spectators will be small.
D.Athletes worldwide will participate regardless of the pandemic.
2021·安徽黄山·二模
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Food Allergy and Special Dietary Needs

Our District will have a School Nutrition Program which shall provide individualized menus or food preparations for students who are unable to have the meals normally served at our school as required by their individual education plan (IEP) or health plan. Read the following information carefully so that we are on the same page.

PARENTAL ASSISTANCE

You will be asked to:

•Inform the school principal of any food allergy or special dietary needs related to a disabling condition or medical necessity.

• Provide medical information from a District-approved recognized medical authority(RMA).

• Offer updated medical information as requested by the District.

• Participate in any meeting or discussion regarding the students’ meal plan.

• Notify the school of any change related to the food allergy or special dietary needs.

SCHOOL SITE RESPONSIBILITIES

• Find out children requiring special dietary change.

•The principal shall refer students with special dietary needs (o special services as required by law.

• The nurses shall make teachers and students aware of allergy alert identification. Prevention needed related to field trips and classroom parties, strategies and other issues necessary to promote student safety.

• Monitor and update the IEP or health plan as needed.

DISTRICT NUTRITION SERVICE RESPONSIBILITIES

•We will provide food item services and individualized menus for students according to medical need. Menus will not be changed because of personal preference.

• We will train school medical staff on how to react to food allergies and food-related emergencies and how to change menus.

• We will maintain special dietary information on each student identified as having special dietary needs and update this information as needed.

【小题1】Who will probably be served with an individualized menu?
A.All disabled students.
B.Each unhealthy student.
C.Students with a food allergy.
D.Students with a taste preference.
【小题2】Which of the following statements is true?
A.RMA is involved in planning students' meals.
B.Students are required to update the health plan.
C.The teachers train students to identify allergies.
D.The District provides services and specific instructions.
【小题3】Where can this text be possibly found?
A.A clinic notice.B.A guideline for parents.
C.A medical journal.D.A school yearbook.

At the beginning of the 16th century, Leonardo da Vinci returned to Florence after almost two decades in the employ of Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan. Nearing 50, Leonardo was already famed for his scientific gift and artistic achievements. Combining practicality and observation, Leonardo applied the principle of sapere vedere (knowing how to see, in Latin) into as many areas of human enquiry as it led him.

Cesare Borgia, the ambitious son of Pope Alexander VI, became Leonardo’s financial supporter in 1502. One of the first tasks given to Leonardo was to create a map of the city of Imola, near Bologna. Borgia had taken control of the city in 1499. It was a key success for the young commander. Controlling the city would require understanding its geography and landmarks, and Borgia wanted the map from the finest mind of Leonardo in order to do that.

In the 16th century city maps tended to be symbolic and often symbolic, enlarging the size of religious buildings. Leonardo’s “Imola Plan” broke with this tradition, aiming to show the reality on the ground, and to provide a map that was of more practical use.

Leonardo applied a mapping technique developed by Florentine humanist Leon Battista Alberti, who suggested that a town should be mapped using polar coordinates (极坐标系). Starting with Alberti’s technique, Leonardo adapted it to record more accurate distances, proportions, and relationships between features.

The city’s public square was fixed in the middle of the grid (坐标方格). Historians believe that Leonardo collected data on the ground by starting at this central point and then using a compass (罗盘) and odometer (计程器) to measure streets and landmarks. Using geometry, he could then fill in the rest of the map.

Leonardo’s techniques gave rise to the first map that used data to accurately show a “flattened city” as it might be seen from above, what is called an ichnographic (平面图的) map today, perhaps the most familiar type of map used today. Leonardo’s measurements still hold up: According to historians, the “Imola Plan” can still be used to navigate the city five centuries later.

【小题1】Why did Cesare Borgia ask Leonardo da Vinci to map Imola?
A.To rebuild it.B.To rule it better.
C.To attack and take it.D.To push mapping forward.
【小题2】What can we infer about the city maps in the 16th century?
A.They were always of a large size.
B.They were often created by religious groups.
C.They gave special attention to certain landmarks.
D.They continued the tradition of showing reality.
【小题3】From whom did Leonardo da Vinci get inspiration when carrying out the “Imola Plan”?
A.Cesare Borgia.B.Ludovico Sforza.
C.Leon Battista Alberti.D.Pope Alexander VI.
【小题4】What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A.The popularity of ichnographic maps nowadays.
B.The expectation of the development of mapping.
C.The improvement of measures used to make maps.
D.The importance of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Imola Plan”.

A new plan for getting children to and from school is being started by a local government in Eastern England.This could end many parents’worries fearful for their children’s safety on the roads.

Until now the local government have only been prepared to provide bus services for children living more than three miles from their school,or sometimes less if special reasons existed.Now it has been decided that if a group of parents ask for help in organizing transport they will be prepared to go ahead,as long as the arrangement will not lose money and children taking part will attend their nearest school.

The new plan is to be fired out this term for children living at Milton who attend Impington School.The children live just within the three-mile limit and the local government said in the past that they would not undertake to provide free transport to the school.But now they have agreed to offer a sum of money for a bus service from Milton to Impington and back,a plan which has the support of the school’s headmaster.Between 50 and 60 parents have said they would like their children to take part.Final calculations have still to be carried out,but a government official has said the cost to parents should be less than£20 a term.They have been able to arrange the service at a low cost because there is already an agreement with the bus company for a bus to take children who live further away to Impington.The same bus would now just make one more journey to pick up the Milton children.The official said they would get in touch with other groups of parents who in had asked if transport could be provided for their children,to see if they would like to take part in the new plan.

【小题1】What is the aim of the plan?
A.To prevent the students’road accidentsB.To relieve the traffic pressure
C.To save time for the parents and studentsD.To help the parents save money
【小题2】How can the local government arrange the new bus service at a low cost?
A.By letting the bus run in the morning only.
B.By limiting the number of the students
C.By getting the support from the headmaster
D.By linking the new bus service with the existing one
【小题3】Which of the following is possible if the plan is carried out?
A.The bus company will make much more money
B.The children can choose whatever school they like
C.The parents can get rid of their worries
D.The students in Impington School can have free bus rides
【小题4】This passage is most probably_____
A.a personal letter.B.an advertisement
C.headmaster’s report.D.a newspaper article

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