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For hundreds of years, Africans have preserved their history through storytelling. But some Africans worry that oral traditions will be lost to the Internet connections and social media.

This has led a Nigerian woman named Elizabeth Kperrun to create a mobile phone application as a way to preserve African folk stories. She calls her mobile app AfroTalez, which tells children’s stories that teach moral lessons.

“We can’t teach kids something by telling them, ‘Don’t do this’. I think kids need context to understand. In a story somebody stole something and then something bad happened to them. Alternatively, somebody else did something good and they ended up happy or rich.”

“Hello children. My name is Liz and I’d like to tell you a story about tortoises, elephants, and ...” The voice of “Aunt Liz” narrates the story, while a full-screen animation appears. An arrow signals when it’s time to move on. There are also quizzes on object recognition and counting throughout.

Kperrun asks her older relatives to help her collect stories for the application. The stories come from an ethnic group living in southeast Nigeria and northwest Cameroon. “I want to keep it centered on folk stories, not the ones that Walt Disney has made really popular... It’s fair and respectful to keep certain cultures alive because folk stories are part of the tapestry that keeps cultures together.” Kperrun once said.

Kperrun writes and reads the stories. Her business partner and husband Idamiebi Ilamina-Eremie does the animation (动画).

AfroTalez is available for Android users and can be downloaded for free. So far, AfroTalez has more than 50,000 users. Funding for the app has been a major challenge. Kperrun hopes to use a crowdfunding campaign to help fund the next version of AfroTalez to be released soon.

Kperrun believes technology doesn’t have to destroy or replace traditions. Her goal is to combine them to keep African culture alive. She says “Africa is our home, but we are so eager to become Western that we are forgetting things that are really important and should be passed on of who we are, and I don’t think that’s right.”

【小题1】What caused Elizabeth Kperrun to create the mobile app AfroTalez?
A.Desiring to make money through the Internet.
B.Planning to keep technology replacing traditions.
C.Dreaming of launching a crowdfunding campaign.
D.Worrying about the disappearance of African oral traditions.
【小题2】The stories AfroTalez provides ________.
A.are narrated by Kperrun’s husband
B.are familiar to today’s African children
C.are as popular as those of Walt Disney’s
D.are means to teach children moral lessons
【小题3】According to the passage, AfroTalez ________.
A.will destroy African traditions
B.is free for Android users
C.has released two versions
D.faces no financial problems
【小题4】What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A.Mobile App seeks to preserve African folktales
B.African people pass on traditions by storytelling
C.It is unwise for a nation to learn from western countries blindly
D.Social media lead to the disappearance of African Oral traditions
2021·江苏镇江·一模
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I have never forgotten the firm belief I had in the arrival through the chimney (烟囱) of the little Santa Claus (圣诞老人), the kind, white-bearded old man who at midnight left in my tiny shoe a present I found the next morning.

Midnight! It’s the perfect hour children don’t know. What great efforts I made not to go to sleep before the little old man appeared!

I had both a great desire and great fear of seeing him, but could never stay awake until then, and the next day my first look was for my shoe. He never failed to carefully wrap (包装) every present for me. I would run barefoot to get my treasure. It never was a very expensive present, for we were not rich. It was a cookie, an orange, or very simply a fine red apple. But it felt so precious that I barely dared to eat it. What a great role imagination plays in a child’s life!

I do not at all agree with the idea that the lies about Santa Claus should be stopped. Doubts and truth come all too soon on their own. I very well remember the first year, when I was five or six, I doubted that it was not Santa Claus who put the cookie in my shoe. Since then, it has never tasted as good as the first few years of my life.

I noted that my son believed in him longer; boys are more naïve (天真的) than little girls. Like me, he made great efforts to stay awake until midnight. Like me, he loved the cookie baked in Heaven’s kitchens. And like me, the first year of his doubts was the last year of the visit of the good old man.

【小题1】As a little girl, the author loved the gifts on Christmas Day because ________.
A.they usually cost a lot of money
B.she always got the very gifts she asked for
C.they were beautifully wrapped
D.she believed they were from Santa Claus
【小题2】According to the article, what role does imagination play in a child’s life?
A.It adds value to the common Christmas gifts.
B.It makes a child curious about everything.
C.It encourages him to climb the chimney.
D.It makes him doubt whether Santa Claus really exists.
【小题3】By saying “Doubts and truth come all too soon on their own” in Paragraph 4, the author feels ________.
A.unsatisfied with being cheated
B.sorry for realizing that Santa Claus doesn’t exist
C.happy at finding out the facts of Santa Claus
D.angry about parents’ lying to children about Santa Claus

In over 5,000 years of development, folk art has become a source of other forms of Chinese culture. However, the diversity (多样性) of cultural forms and the influence of foreign cultures have also brought challenges to Chinese folk art.

Chinese folk art has many types, including painting, calligraphy, embroidery, carving and paper cutting. It is hard to say how many kinds of folk art there are in the country. On the other hand, it is also hard to tell how many of them have disappeared. The situation is becoming more and more serious. Some kinds of folk art came to an end naturally, while others disappeared because there wasn’t enough protection. Isn’t it painful to lose so many kinds of folk art simply because of the absence of protection?

Folk art has played an important role in carrying forward history. For example, the blue printed cloth in Jiangsu Province has been a part of China’s printing technology for so long that, it is of great value to those studying China’s ancient science, technology, culture, folk custom and art.

Chinese folk art is drawing the attention of more and more foreigners with its unique charm and miraculous techniques (独特的魅力和神奇的技巧). Many people are worried about its protection and further development.

Then, who will be the protectors of Chinese folk art? It has to be the government, experts and scholars and even the whole of society. Though China has passed laws to protect its cultural relics, they don’t include the protection of folk art. Experts and scholars should go out among the people and find top artistic works still unknown to the world. Such protection also requires the support of the whole of society. Only when we gather forces from all sides can we protect Chinese folk art.

【小题1】What does the underlined part “The situation” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.The influence of foreign cultures on Chinese folk art.
B.The absence of protection of Chinese folk.
C.The disappearance of Chinese folk art forms.
D.The unpopularity of Chinese folk art forms.
【小题2】Why is the blue printed cloth mentioned?
A.To introduce a new way to study ancient Chinese culture.
B.To introduce how the ancient Chinese printed cloth.
C.To show folk art is important in recording history.
D.To show Jiangsu Province is rich in folk art.
【小题3】What’s the last paragraph mainly about?
A.The value of Chinese folk art.
B.How to protect Chinese folk art.
C.The importance of folk art protection.
D.How to make Chinese folk art known to the world.
【小题4】How does the author probably feel when writing this text?
A.Worried.B.Surprised.
C.Hopeful.D.Nervous.

Shaanxi kuaiban is a traditional Chinese form of storytelling in the Shaanxi dialect to the rhythm of bamboo clappers. It can be performed by a group or solo. The art form can be traced back to the late Qing Dynasty (1644—1911). At first, the art was used by farmers to share their knowledge and earn money. But now, more people perform Shaanxi kuaiban on different occasions—for example, at festival celebrations, parties and art shows.

Yang Jinlong, 45, is an experienced Shaanxi kuaiban artist. He first learned the art at the age of 9. Before that, he often went with his father, an amateur performer, to watch kuaiban performances.

“As a young boy, I was attracted to the art form because many of the stories are about heroes. The performer tells stories while playing kuaiban, and it's easy for the audience to remember the stories since all the lines rhyme,” Yang said.

He has practiced Shaanxi kuaiban for more than 30 years. Since 2003, he has been teaching the art form to young people. At 9 am on weekdays, he drives to primary and middle schools in Xi'an and teaches students about Shaanxi kuaiban until about 6 pm. Then, he returns home to prepare classes for the next day. On the weekends, he teaches for six hours each day at art education institutions in Xi'an.

Yang has made some adaptations to the art form to relate more to students. When he tells modern stories, Yang abandons the traditional gown and wears a suit. He also integrates many pop elements like tap dance, ballet, jazz dance and the rhythm of popular music into kuaiban performances. His stories focus on more trendy topics, like stories of heroes who have worked to alleviate poverty, as well as the Chinese Olympic team.

“Art education is important for students in China. Just as many students learn to play Western musical instruments like the piano and violin, there are many people learning traditional Chinese folk arts, including Shaanxi kuaiban. They are committed and passionate,” Yang said.

【小题1】What do we know about Shaanxi kuaiban?
A.It dates back to the late Ming Dynasty.B.People perform it in Shaanxi dialect.
C.It was originally used by teachers for teaching.D.It focuses on Chinese ancient literature.
【小题2】Why was Yang Jinlong fascinated by Shaanxi kuaiban as a child?
A.Because all the lines rhyme.B.Because he liked stories about heroes.
C.Because it was a way to earn money.D.Because he wanted to be like his father.
【小题3】What did Yang Jinlong do to promote Shaanxi kuaiban?
A.He wore local clothes of Shaanxi.
B.He told stories about superheroes.
C.He added pop elements to kuaiban performances.
D.He performed Shaanxi kuaiban in Western countries.
【小题4】Which of the following best describes Yang Jinlong?
A.Determined and creative.B.Patient and capable.
C.Talented and modest.D.Humorous and responsible.

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