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Plastic pollution has long been a problem, but now it's gotten to a new height-literally.

Microplastics, referring to plastic fragments and particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter, have been found on Mount Qomolangma as high as 8,440 meters above sea level, just 408.86 meters below the peak of the mountain, according to a recent study published in the journal One Earth.

“These are the highest microplastics ever discovered so far, “ lead author Imogen Napper from the University of Plymouth, UK, said in a statement.

Scientists collected snow and water samples from 19 different locations from 4, 200 meters above sea level all the way up to the top of Mount Qomolangma. They found microplastics in all the water samples and part of the snow samples. The most polluted sample was from the Base Camp in Nepal, where most human activity on the mountain is concentrated. It had 79 particles of microplastics per liter of snow.

But how have these fragments made it all this way and in such a great abundance? The answer is apparent-human activities. It is climbers who bring plastic products to the mountain. Even if they don't litter, just walking for 20 minutes or opening a bottle of water can release microplastics into the environment.

Even covered in ice, the Arctic is also a victim of plastic pollution. A 2020 report published in Nature suggests that there are 2,000 to 17,000 plastic particles per cubic meter in Arctic ice cores. Experts think microplastics may be transported by air and then reach the North Pole in snowfall.

“What we don't yet fully know is the potential problems these tiny pieces of plastic could be having to ecosystems," said Christian Dunn of Bangor University , UK.

Then what can we do? “We need to start focusing on deeper technological solutions that focus on microplastics, like changing fabric design and include natural fibers instead of plastic when possible, " Napper said.

【小题1】Where did Napper's team find the microplastics?
A.At 408.86 meters below the top of Mount Qomolangma.
B.In all water and snow samples collected.
C.At 4,200 meters above the Everest Base Camp.
D.At the foot of Mount Qomolangma.
【小题2】Which of the following may protect Mount Qomolangma from microplastics?
A.Stopping littering.B.Avoiding bottled water.
C.Limiting use of equipment.D.Forbidding climbing at all.
【小题3】How do experts think plastic pollution reached the Arctic?
A.By planes flying in the airB.By wind from other places.
C.By humans traveling thereD.By huge tides in the sea.
【小题4】What did Napper suggest?
A.Promoting new styles of clothes.B.Improving technology for ecosystems.
C.Replacing plastic with natural fibers.D.Researching microplastics' harm.
2021·辽宁铁岭·一模
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Chinas largest water diversion project(引水工程) may start supplying water to Shandong Province by 2007 and Beijing by 2010, an official confirmed Tuesday.

The worsening water shortage in the two areas, caused by decades of drought, may be alleviated with water from the mighty Yangtze River in the South which will be diverted into the parched North, he said. The water diversion project consists of three 1,300-kilometre canals that will carry water from the Yangtze   along   the eastern, middle and western parts of the country.

Zhang Jiyao,director of the state Concil’s office in charge of the South to North Project, told a national conference that ground will be broken in more places along two of the lines of the ambitious water diversion scheme,the largest of its kind in the world.

Before next year’s flood season, construction of four new sections along the two lines will push the project further along the fast track. That would bring the total sections under construction to 13,since construction started in 2002 with an estimated investment of 124 billion yuan(about US $15 billion).

When finished, the two water diversion canals will be capable of transferring 13.4 billion cubic meters of water a year.

【小题1】China’s largest water diversion project is being constructed to ________.
A.supply water to Shandong Province
B.remove the worsening water shortage in Beijing
C.alleviate the shortage of water in the North
D.break ground in more places
【小题2】From the whole passage we can infer that ________.
A.the water diversion project is the biggest in China,but not in the world
B.the water diversion project is the largest both in China and in the world
C.the project will cost 124 billion dollars
D.the project will be finished by 2010
【小题3】When the project is finished, ________.
A.it will solve the water problem once and for all
B.it will supply 13.4 billion cubic meters of water a year
C.the shortage of water in the North will be alleviated
D.the drought in Beijing and Shandong province will disappear
【小题4】According to the passage, which one is TRUE?
A.The shortage of water in the North is only because there are too many people.
B.The whole project will be completed by the year 2010.
C.The total sections under construction will be 13 till the whole project is finished.
D.The whole water diversion project is made up of three canals.

In the shadow of Kenya’s Mount Kilimanjaro, nine Rothschild giraffes, the rarest giraffes on the planet, are free to wander at the English-style manor (庄园). Every day shortly before 9 a.m., they come up to the house and stick their heads through the windows and doors in search of morning treats. The manor’s owners, Tanya and Mikey Carr-Hartley, share their dining table with them. And now the couple are sharing the fantastic experience with the public by opening the manor gates to guests at the giraffe hotel, the only hotel of its kind in the world. Now, guests can feed the giraffes at breakfast but can also get up close to them from their second- floor bedrooms.

Mr and Mrs Carr-Hartley, both 38, spent their childhood living close to the house in Nairobi and have always been enthusiastic about the animals. Tanya said, “Mikey and I grew up near this manor house when we were children. We are both the third generation Kenyans and have always wanted to work in conservation. Mikey’s family have been related to the protection of animals for many generations, His grandfather helped the removal of giraffes as far back as the 1930s because the Rothschild giraffes lost much of their natural living space. When the house came up for sale, we jumped at the chance to buy it as we had always dreamed of owning it. Now, we were absolutely overjoyed to do something for the giraffe protection. Having the giraffes so close is very special and something which people can now experience by staying in one of the ten rooms at the hotel.”

A conservation project to save them was started at the manor in 1974 by the previous owners. “The previous owners ran a very successful breeding (繁殖) programme, where many giraffes were set free into the wild and we hope to continue,” said Tanya.

【小题1】Why are the Carr-Hartley family unusual?
A.They’re living on the rarest giraffes.B.They share their home with giraffes.
C.They’re good at making giraffes’ food.D.They train giraffes to manage the hotel.
【小题2】What can we know about Mikey’s family?
A.It has had a long connection with giraffes.B.It used to raise giraffes around the manor.
C.It built a new manor for the wild giraffes.D.It removed giraffes to Mount Kilimanjaro.
【小题3】Which can best describe the manor’s previous owners’ conservation project?
A.Failed.B.Energy-saving.C.Expensive.D.Successful.
【小题4】What is the suitable title for the text?
A.Giraffes’ Breakfast by GuestsB.Reasons for Giraffe Protection
C.The World’s Only Giraffe HotelD.History of the Giraffe Manor

A woman and her friends were lucky enough to see wild Amur tiger, an endangered species, for two days during the New Year holiday. They spotted the rare animals while driving on mountain-climbing trips in Hunchun, Northeast China’s Jilin province.

The woman, surnamed Zhao, was driving with two friends when they first saw a cub tiger near the Sandaogou village of Hunchun on Jan. 1st, CCTV News reported. Zhao said the young tiger looked chubby and cute. When the tiger saw them, it turned and ran. “We wished to see a wild tiger once, and I didn’t expect our wish would come true on the first day of the new year!” Zhao said.

The next day, when Zhao and her friends drove to where they saw the young tiger a day before, they found an even bigger one. Compared with the cub, the adult did not rush to run away after seeing their car but sat there and watched them for a moment before it “walked slowly into the woods”, Zhao said.

“How lucky they are!” many netizens commented. The year 2022 is the Year of the Tiger in the Chinese lunar calendar.

According to reports, local residents in Hunchun have come across wild Amur tigers more than 30 times since the beginning of 2021. A large area in Hunchun is part of Northeast China’s Tiger and Leopard National Park, which is one of the country’s first five national parks. The parks will be partly open to the public and serve as “classrooms” for nature conservation education. The Amur tiger population in China saw a sharp decline in the 1990s. Thanks to preservation measures, the wild Amur tiger population has been experiencing rapid growth.

【小题1】How many people saw the Amur tiger on their trip?
A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four
【小题2】What does he underlined part “a cub tiger” mean?
A.an adult tigerB.a cute tiger
C.a young tigerD.a trained tiger
【小题3】What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The local residents of Hunchun.B.The effect of protecting Amur tigers.
C.The classrooms of leopard education.D.The construction of national parks.

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