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A new computer program is being praised as a life-changer for blind people. The new program is known as the KNFB Reader app. It can help users listen to the sound of printed materials.

The application software program costs $99. It is the product of a long relationship between the National Federation of the Blind and Ray Kurzweil, a computer scientist and an employee of Google.

The KNFB Reader makes use of new pattern recognition and image-processing technology, and new hardware for smartphones. People using the app can adjust or change the position of the camera and read printed materials out loud.

Mr Kurzweil started working on what he called “reading machines” in the early 1970s. The idea came after speaking with a blind person who expressed frustrations with the lack of technology to help blind people. His first reading machine was the size of a washing machine. It cost $50,000. The technology has continued to improve over the past 20 years. The. new smartphene app can recognize and take a printed material in one language and change it to another language. But it was not available on a mobile device until now. In the past, it cost more than $1,000 to use he software app with a camera and a mobile phone.

Blind people say the app will make life much easier and it will help with everything from reading restaurant menus to studying papers in the classroom. Users say the app has given some people greater independence. One user, named Gordon Luke, reported that he was able to use the app to read his voting card for the recent vote in Scotland.

Bryan Bashin leads the non-profit group Lighthouse for the Blind and Visually Impaired in San Francisco. He is also blind. He says the KNFB app shows the positive impact that technology can have and there are times in his life when he wishes the KNFB app were available to him. He adds that the ability to gain information quickly with something that fits in your pocket will be what he calls “a game changer”.

【小题1】What can the KNFB Reader app be used to do?
A.Print the stories with the smartphone.B.Adjust the position of the camera.
C.Find the way for the blind.D.Read the books out for the blind.
【小题2】What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?
A.The first reading machine was invented by a blind person.
B.Mr. Kurzweil’s first reading machme was very expensive.
C.The smartphone app can’t be used to translate language.
D.The reader app was available on a mobile phone 20 years ago.
【小题3】What are the users’ attitudes towards the app?
A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Doubtful.D.Alarming.
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Can you remember the first time you learned to ride a bike or drive a car? Learning these skills changed your life forever and opened up new horizons (眼界;范围). Learning about computers can be like learning how to ride a bike or drive a car. Once you have invested the time to master the skills, you will never go back to the old days. The new technology is simply too convenient and too powerful.

Technological developments through the years have enabled us to do more with less effort. We have continuously looked for better ways of doing things. Each invention and new development has allowed us to extend our capabilities. Today we see one of the most dramatic technologies ever developed the computer. It extends the capabilities of our minds.

Computers have saved organizations millions of dollars. Furthermore, these same computer systems have opened up new opportunities that would have gone undiscovered or neglected. The computer may multiply what we can do, and the return on investment is high. The growth of computer usage is surprising. On the other hand, the computer can do serious damage. Invasion of privacy (侵犯隐私), fraud (欺诈), and computer-related mistakes are just a few shocking examples.

The computer is like a double-edged sword. It has the ability to cut us free from some activities, but it can also cut deep into profits, personal privacy, and our society in general. How it is used is not a function of technology. It is strictly a function of how people decide to use or misuse this new technology. The choice is yours, and only through a knowledge of computer systems will you be able to avoid the dangers while enjoying the many, many benefits of the computer age.

【小题1】The writer thinks learning about computers is like learning how to ride a bike or drive a car because _______.
A.it is simple and practical
B.it needs a lot of practice
C.it leads people to new life experiences
D.it takes much time to master the skills
【小题2】According to the passage, computers bring people the following benefits except _______.
A.avoiding mistakesB.saving money
C.making moneyD.opening up opportunities
【小题3】This passage is probably written for _______.
A.computersB.computer producers
C.computer learnersD.computer programmers

Cultural Websites

Ancient Greece

This is a guide with rich information and pictures to Ancient Greece, covering art, architecture, politics, Olympics, geography, history and other topics. The photo gallery with bird’s-eye images of Greek art is of note. Contents include maps, biographies and related links, though little in the way of engaging multimedia. The website last updated in 2008, and some links are broken.

Getty

Getty, an online museum, focuses on the visual arts and serves both general audiences and specialized professionals. Its Research Library is accessible to both on-site and far-away users. The Explore Art part permits you to look through many of the works of art on show. You can also view present or past exhibitions. There are also topics for discussion on many sides of art and art history.

Library of Congress

The website contains main source materials connecting to the history and culture of the United States. It offers more than 7 million digital artworks from more than 100 historical collections. You can select collections to search and explore teaching and learning ideas with American memory.

Internet History Sourcebooks Project

The website is wonderful collections of public area and copy-permitted historical texts for educational use. With pages designed specifically to help teachers and students, it contains hundreds of well-organized sources and also includes links to visual and hearing materials, as art and archeology play an important role in the study of ancient history.

【小题1】How is Ancient Greece different from other websites?
A.It covers art.B.Its renewal is suspended.
C.Its topics include history.D.It contains historical culture.
【小题2】What can visitors do in the Explore Art part of Getty?
A.View artworks on display.B.Purchase art pieces online.
C.Serve the Research Library.D.Join the scientific discussion.
【小题3】What do the last two websites have in common?
A.They focus on ancient science.B.They provide teaching materials.
C.They deal with American issues.D.They have several hundred pages.

Have you ever heard of blogs (博客)? If you haven’t, you should have. It’s here, it’s growing and it’s having an influence on our life. Surf the Internet and you’ll find blogs everywhere. A blog, shortened from “weblog”, is a public Internet journal written by one person or a group of people. It is a website in which a person or a group can place news, personal thoughts, text, photos, video or audio files, or links upon which visitors can comment. A blog lets you post on the Internet without having to know web design or be technical. You are given an environment to make dated entries on the topic of your choice which are “published”, so other people can read them.

     Authoring a blog, maintaining a blog or adding an article to an existing blog is called “blogging”. Blogging has revolutionized Internet publishing in the last several years because it gives everyone with Internet access the opportunity to become an online writer. Objects, such as “text and photos” in a blog can be called “blog posts”, “posts”, or “entries”. The person who posts these entries is called a “blogger”.

Now, somewhere around the world, a blog is created almost every 6 seconds. Because it’s great potential, Bill Gates views it as important as e-mail, BBS, and MSN. He’s trying to make blogs the important tools for future business communications.

【小题1】A blog is            .
A.a commentB.an Internet journal
C.a designD.a link
【小题2】A person can do the following things in a blog EXCEPT _______.
A.talk to othersB.give comments
C.read articlesD.enjoy photos
【小题3】Who is a blogger?
A.A person who posts letters.
B.A person who writes articles.
C.A person who posts text or photos in a blog.
D.A person who is an online publisher.
【小题4】According to the passage, the reason why blogs are so popular is that they ____.
A.give everyone the chance to be an online writer
B.can be created by people without much knowledge of computer technology
C.enable a blogger to place news, personal thoughts, text and photos and give comments
D.all of the above

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