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In recent days, Americans have lost two civil rights leaders of the twentieth century, Dorothy Height and Benjamin Hooks.

Dorothy Height died this Tuesday at the age of ninety-eight. She witnessed more civil rights history than any other African-American leader of her time. She said the greatest change she witnessed was the ending of racial segregation(隔离) laws in the United States.

She was the longtime chairwoman of the National Council of Negro Women. She was an activist, humanitarian and advisor to presidents including Barack Obama. He remembered her as “The godmother of the Civil Rights Movement.”

Dorothy Height grew up in Pennsylvania. She won a four-year college scholarship, the top prize nationally in a public speaking contest on the Constitution.

She arrived at school in New York City-only to learn that an unwritten limit of “two Negro students per year”had already been met. Dorothy Height: “I was accepted at Barnard College and I was denied admission when I arrived because they had a quota(指标) of two. And they did not know that I was not white. And so when I got there I was turned away.”

Dorothy Height went on to earn bachelor and master's degrees in four years at New York University. She worked with Marin Luther King Junior in the push for civil rights for blacks in the nineteen fifties and sixties.

Yet she had to push to make herself heard as a woman among mostly male civil rights leaders. She was the only woman standing nearby as Martin Luther King gave his “I Have a Dream” speech in Washington

Dorothy Height received the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal for her work for racial and gender equality.

【小题1】Which of the following best shows Dorothy’s suffering?
A.Dying of old age.B.Being a consultant to Obama.
C.Being rejected by Barnard College.D.Joining King Junior in fighting for blacks.
【小题2】What can be inferred from the last but one paragraph?
A.Dorothy Height was eager to be a civil rights leader.
B.It was difficult for then women to voice their opinions.
C.Dorothy made a difference in King Junior’s life.
D.Dorothy was the best woman of her time.
【小题3】What is probably the writing style of the passage?
A.News report.B.Biography.
C.Fiction.D.Scientific journal.
20-21高二上·福建龙岩·期末
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A survey of 2, 000 American adults finds that an average American spends nearly $3, 000 a year on unused groceries (杂货).

The survey shows that when people do cook, a quarter of them always make more food than they’re able to finish, usually with the intention of having leftovers (剩菜剩饭). On average, people have leftovers to put into their fridges three times a week; however, they don’t always get around to using them up. Actually, a third admit they’re likely to forget about leftovers once they’re out of sight. Forgetting about food is one of the top reasons people end up having food waste, along with leftovers not being popular among family members(23%). While 4 in 10 have a strong desire to eat their leftovers, a quarter admit they get tired of eating the same thing before they’re able to finish.

“With the rapid rise of food costs, wasting groceries each week hurts both nature and consumers’ wallets, “says director of sustainability at HelloFresh, Jeffrey Yorzyk. “Families cook with the best intention of using their leftovers, but our research shows that they’re generally not consuming all of those leftovers. Getting creative with the food in your fridge can help families feel like they’re eating something new and exciting!”

For some people, what excites them at the supermarket doesn’t do it anymore when they get home. The survey shows that 38%admit they’ve thrown food away simply because they don’t feel like eating it after purchasing it. Some waste starts even before shoppers get home, as a fifth say they don’t know how much food they’ll use when grocery shopping.

With these foods, 22%are not confident they know the best methods to store foods to keep freshness. Happily, seven in ten are trying to cut down on food waste. In fact, once you’ve bought food at the grocery store, there are a number of strategies to ensure you can save it completely and cook it smartly.

【小题1】Which is the percentage of Americans preferring to have leftovers?
A.23%.B.25%.C.33%.D.40%.
【小题2】What is Jeffrey’ advice on leftovers?
A.Eating them up at once.B.Deal with them inventively.
C.Using them to protect nature.D.Giving them up to save money.
【小题3】What does the underlined part “do it” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A.Attract the shoppers.B.Produce leftovers.
C.Lose the freshness.D.Go to the fridges.
【小题4】What might the author continue talking about?
A.Benefits of saving foods.B.The art of cooking in the USA.
C.The recent studies of leftovers.D.Ways to reduce grocery waste.

The Bad of Online Communication

Today, online services and products are where most development in communication is happening. 【小题1】However, giving online also has a dark side. Some people spend so much time on the Internet that they become totally dependent on it. Psychologists and social scientists worry that if people spend more time with computers than with other people, 【小题2】 What happens if Internet addicts forget the rules for normal social behaviour simply from lack of practice? Studies have not shown any definite results yet, but if young people are becoming more nervous when it comes to face-to-face meetings, there are good reasons to be concerned.

Apart from dependency, there are other objections and worries about the Internet. 【小题3】 Being open and honest with complete strangers, then arranging to meet them is very dangerous behaviour. It is especially dangerous for young children. And it is increasingly important that parents take note of their children's activities on the Internet.

【小题4】. As you reveal (透漏) your heart and soul, and name and number,to some trusted chat room friend, there could easily be a hacker taking your information. Some hackers could even be using your identity and password.   【小题5】 . Many people say that going online, whether for chatting or surfing the web , has improved their lives. Either way, for better or for worse, website chat rooms are here to stay in one form or another, putting in touch friends, family, and strangers alike.

A.Actually, going online has good points.
B.Why do many think going online is worth trying?
C.Then there is the problem of information being stolen.
D.they will forget how to get on with people face to face.
E.there are rules of polite behavior in face-to-face meetings.
F.Not all people seeking relationships online have innocent intentions.
G.With all these dangers, is going online to communicate really worthwhile?

The Internet brings us many advantages.

With the Internet, people can send and receive e­mails. On the Internet, people can skim over news. Using the Telnet, the user anywhere on the Internet can log into any other machine on which he has an account. It is possible to use the FTP program to copy files from one machine on the Internet to another. But the Internet also brings us troubles.

Internet use seems to cause a fall in psychological(心理的) health, according to research at Carnegie Mellon University. Even people who spent just a few hours a week on the Internet experienced more depression and loneliness than those who logged on less often, the two­year study showed. And it wasn’t that people who were already feeling bad spent more time on the Internet, but that using the Net actually seemed to cause the bad feelings.

Researchers are puzzled over the results, which were completely opposite to what they had expected. They expected that the Net would prove socially healthier than television, since the Net allows users to choose their information and to communicate with others.

The fact that Internet use reduces time used for family and friends may be the reason for the drop in health, researchers said. Faceless, bodiless "virtual" (虚拟的) communication may be less psychologically satisfying than actual conversations, and the relationships formed through it may not be so deep. Another possibility is that exposure to the wider world through the Net makes users less satisfied with their lives.

"But it’s important to remember this is not about the technology; it’s about how it is used,"said one of the researchers. "It really points to the need for considering social factors (因素) when you design new inventions."

【小题1】The writer mainly wants to tell us that ___________.
A.the Internet can bring people many advantages
B.the Internet use may cause psychological problems
C.the Internet users are not satisfied with their lives
D.we shouldn’t use the Internet
【小题2】Why are the researchers puzzled over the results?
A.Because the results were completely different from what they had thought.
B.Because the Net proved socially healthier than television.
C.Because the Internet users were all healthier.
D.Because the Internet users experienced less depression and loneliness.
【小题3】What may be the reasons why the Internet use causes a fall in psychological health?
A.Internet use reduces time used for family and friends.
B.Virtual communication is less psychologically satisfying than actual conversations.
C.Exposure to the wider world through the Net makes users less satisfied with their lives.
D.All of the above.
【小题4】According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A.Users anywhere on the Internet can log into any other machine.
B.The two­year study showed that using the Net seemed to cause the bad feelings.
C.People who are already feeling bad spend much more time on the Internet.
D.Relationships formed through the Internet are usually deep.

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