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Franz Kafka wrote that “a book must be the ax for the frozen sea inside us.” I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn’t seem to require any explanation.

We’d just finished John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying?” one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am,” I told her, “and the funny thing is I’ve read it many times.”

But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I’ve taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novel’s terrible logic—the giving way of dreams to fate.

For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school—one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan’s upper classes—into a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capital” could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph. D.’s.

Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn’t always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, “it’s about being a man, it’s about manliness.” I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth’s soliloquies (独白) read as raps, but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck’s writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate each other, and they’re all white.” His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.

Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.

【小题1】The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to __________.
A.realize our dreamsB.give support to our life
C.awake our emotionsD.smooth away difficulties
【小题2】Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?
A.Because they spent much time reading it.
B.Because they had similar life experiences.
C.Because they came from a public school.
D.Because they had read the novel before.
【小题3】The girl left the selective high school possibly because__________.
A.she was a literary-minded girlB.her parents were immigrants
C.her father was then in prisonD.she couldn’t fit in with her class
【小题4】The author writes the passage mainly to__________.
A.advocate teaching literature to touch the heart
B.introduce classic works of literature
C.argue for equality among high school students
D.defend the current testing system
20-21高二上·江苏南京·阶段练习
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When I was young, a friend and I came up with a “big” plan to make reading easy. The idea was to boil down great books to a sentence each. “Moby-Dick” by American writer Herman Melville, for instance, was reduced to: “A whale of a tale about the one that got away.” As it turned out, the joke was on us. How could a single sentence convey the essence(精髓) of a masterpiece with over five hundred pages?

Blinkist, a website and an app, now summarizes nonfiction titles in the form of quick takes labeled “blinks” . The end result is more than one sentence, but not by much. Sarah Bakewell’s “At the Existentialist Café” is broken into 11 screens of information; Michelle Obama’s “Becoming” fills 13.

Blinkist has been around since 2012. It calls its summaries “15-minute discoveries” to indicate how long it takes to read a Blinkist summary. “Almost none of us,” the editors assure us, “have the time to read everything we’d like to read.” Well, yes, of course, “So many books, so little time,” declares a poster I once bought at a book market. But I judge the quality of someone’s library by the books he or she has yet to read.

That’s because a book is something we ought to live with, rather than speed through and categorize. It offers an experience as real as any other. The point of reading a book is not accumulating information, or at least not that alone. The most essential aspect is the communication between writer and reader. The idea behind Blinkist, however, is the opposite: Reading can be, should be, measured by the efficient uptake(吸收) of key ideas. No, no, no. What’s best about reading books is its inefficiency.

When reading a book, we need to dive in, let it take over us, demand something of us, teach us what it can. Blinkist is instead a service that changes books for people who don’t, in fact, want to read. A 15-minute summary misses the point of reading; speed-reading with the app isn’t reading at all.

【小题1】What is the function of Paragraph 1?
A.To introduce Moby-Dick to readers.B.To present an argument.
C.To look back on his childhood.D.To introduce the topic of the passage.
【小题2】What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A.What Blinkist is.B.Why Blinkist is popular.
C.How to use Blinkist.D.Where you can use Blinkist.
【小题3】What is mentioned as a problem about reading in paragraph 3?
A.There are few new books of quality.
B.Many books are hard to understand.
C.People do not have enough time to read.
D.People do not like reading as much as before.
【小题4】What is an ideal pattern of reading according to the author?
A.Obtaining key ideas efficiently.B.Further confirming our beliefs.
C.Accumulating information quickly.D.Deeply involving ourselves in books.
【小题5】What is the author’s attitude to Blinkist?
A.Positive.B.Negative
C.Uncaring.D.Tolerant.
When was the last time you read a. book, or a magazine article? Do your everyday reading habits centre around updates on the Internet? In case you are one of innumerable individuals   who don't make a habit of reading consistently* you may be passing up a great opportunity: Reading has a noteworthy number of advantages. and only a couple of advantages of reading are recorded below.
        Everything you read fills your head with new bits of information and you never know when it might be useful to you. The more knowledge you have, the better- equipped you are to overcome any challenge you'll ever face., Additionally, here's a bit of food for thought: Should you ever find yourself in terrible circuit stances, remember that although you might lose everything else—your job, your possessions, your money, even your health—knowledge   can never be taken from you.
       At   the   same   time,the more you read, the more words you gain exposure to, and they'll   surely make (heir my into your everyday vocabulary. Being able to express your ideas clearly in words is of great help in any profession? and knowing that you can speak to higher-ran king people with self-confidence can he a great encouragement to your selt-esteem   (自尊). It could even aid   in   your career. as those who are   well-read, well-spoken, and knowledgeable on a variety of topics tend to get promotions more quickly (and more often) than those with smaller vocabularies and lack of awareness of literature, scientific breakthroughs, and global events. Reading books is also vital for learning new languages, as non-native speakers gain exposure to words used in context,, which will improve their own speaking and writing
fluency.
       When you   read a book,you have to remember a lot of characters,their backgrounds, ambitions, history, arid nuances, as well as the   various plots that weave their way through every story. That's a   fair bit to remember, but brains are wonderful things and can remember these things with   relative ease. Amazingly enough, whenever you remember something new, new synapses [(神经元的)突触]arc formed and existing ones me strengthened.I low cool that is!
        No matter how much stress you have at work, in your personal relationships, or countless other issues faced in daily life- it all just slips away when you lose yourself in a great story. A   well-written novel can transport you to other realms (领域)while an interesting article will distract you and keep you in the present moment T letting tensions drain away and allowing you to relax.
Title: Some of Benefits of Reading: You ShouldReadd Every   Day, Why?
Knowledge
accumulation
The more you read, the more adequately it 【小题1】you for various troubles in life,
Knowledge is what will stay with you 【小题2】
Vocabulary
expansion
You can【小题3】your vocabulary by reading, which may favour you in your job and make you proud when you talk with your leaders.
Your rich vocabulary means you are a great reader with rich knowledge, which offers you a big 【小题4】over others in promotions.
Wards in context will help a foreigti language learner use the laneuaec 【小题5】.
【小题6】improvementYou will try to keep in mind the【小题7】of a book while reading and (hut h somewhat 【小题8】 for your brain.
The more you try to remember, the 【小题9】 you will be at remembering.
Stress reductionAn interesting riding will transfer your attention to its plob so that you feel【小题10】 and forget about your worries.

Technology seems to discourage slow, immersive reading. Reading on a screen, particularly a phone screen, tires your eyes and makes it harder for you to keep your place. So online writing tends to be more skimmable and list-like than print.

We shouldn’t overplay this danger. All readers skim. Skimming is the skill we acquire as children as we learn to read more skillfully. Nor is there anything new in these fears about declining attention spans, the length of time we spend concentrating on reading. So far, the anxieties have proved to be false alarms. “Quite a few critics have been worried about attention span lately and see very short stories as signs of cultural decline,” the American author Selvin Brown wrote. “No one ever said that poems were evidence of short attention spans.”

And yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read. For a start, it means that there is more to read, because more people than ever are writing. And digital writing is meant for rapid release and response. An online article starts forming a comment string underneath as soon as it is published. This mode of writing and reading can be interactive and fun. But often it treats other people’s words as something to be quickly harvested as fodder to say something else. Everyone talks over the top of everyone else, desperate to be heard.

Perhaps we should slow down. Reading is constantly promoted as a social good and source of personal achievement. But this advocacy often emphasizes “enthusiastic”, “passionate” or   “eager” reading, none of which adjectives suggest slow, quiet absorption.

To a slow reader, a piece of writing can only be fully understood by immersing oneself in the words and their slow comprehension of a line of thought. The slow reader is like a swimmer who stops counting the number of pool laps he has done and just enjoy s how his body feels and moves in water.

The human need for this kind of deep reading is too tenacious for any new technology to destroy. We often assume that technological change can’t be stopped and happens in one direction, so that older media like “dead-tree” books are kicked out by newer, more virtual forms. In practice, older technologies can coexist with new ones. The Kindle and the iPad have not killed off the printed book any more than the car killed off the bicycle. We still want to enjoy slowly-formed ideas and carefully-chosen words. Even in a fast-moving age, there is time for slow reading.

【小题1】What is the author’s attitude towards Selvin Brown’s opinion?
A.Favorable.B.Critical.C.Doubtful.D.Objective.
【小题2】The author would probably agree that ________.
A.advocacy of passionate reading helps promote slow reading
B.digital writing leads to too much speaking and not enough reflection
C.the public should be aware of the impact skimming has on the brain
D.the number of Internet readers is declining due to the advances of technology
【小题3】What does the underlined word “tenacious” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?
A.Straight-forward.B.Old-fashioned.
C.Deep-rooted.D.Well-balanced.
【小题4】Which would be the best title for the passage?
A.Slow Reading Is Here to Stay
B.Digital Technology Prevents Slow Reading
C.Screen vs. Print: Which Requires Deep Reading?
D.Reading Is Not a Race: The Wonder of Deep Reading

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