Robotic surgery is one thing, but sending a robot inside the body to carry out an operation is quite another, which has long been a goal of some researchers to produce tiny robotic devices being capable of traveling through the body to deliver drugs or to make repairs without the need for a single cut, the possibility of which has just got a bit closer.
However, unlike the plot of one film—which featured a microscopic crew and submarine traveling through a scientist's bloodstream—this device could not be put into blood vessels because it is too big. While other types of miniature swallow able robots have been developed in the past, their role has mostly been limited to capturing images inside the body. In a presentation this week to the International Conference, Daniela Rus and Shuhei Miyashita of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology described a robot they have developed that can be swallowed and used to collect dangerous objects accidentally taken in.
To test their latest version, Dr. Rus and Dr. Miyashita designed a robot as a battery hunter, which might seem to be an odd task, but more than 3,500 people in America alone, most of them children, swallow the tiny button cells used in small electronic devices by accident every year. To start with, the researchers created an artificial esophagus (食道) and stomach made out of silicone. It was closely modeled on that found in a pig and filled with medical liquid; the robot itself is made from several layers of different materials, including pig intestine (肠),and contains a little magnet. This is folded up and wrapped in a 10mmx27mm capsule of ice. Once this reaches the stomach, the ice melts and the robot unfolds which is moved and guided with the 1se of a magnetic field outside the body. In their tests, the robot was able to touch a button battery and draw it with its own magnet, and during dragging it along, the robot could then be directed towards the intestines where it would eventually be gotten rid of through the anus (肛门). After it, the researchers sent in another robot loaded with medication to deliver it to the site of the battery bum to speed up healing.
The artificial stomach being transparent (透明的) on one side, the researchers can see the batteries and visually control the robots. If not, that will require help with the help from imaging system, which will be a bit more of a challenge, but Dr. Rus and Dr. Miyashita are determined to succeed.
【小题1】According to the passage, the robot operation will probably be able to ________.A.travel through a scientist's bloodstream | B.photograph the body to convey to the doctor |
C.enter the body to deliver drugs or make repairs | D.operate on a person outside the body completely |
A.the researchers did the experiment on a chosen animal |
B.the robot took necessary drugs besides a little magnet |
C.digesting the swallowed batteries is difficult for children |
D.the actual size of the robot may be larger than the capsule of ice |
A.The surgeries will cost patients. much money. | B.Patients will suffer less for some surgeries. |
C.Fewer children will swallow the button cells. | D.A robot will be invented traveling blood vessels. |
A.An Experiment on Robot | B.Tiny Robot, Significant Role |
C.The Fantastic Robotic Voyage | D.The Exploration of Robot Technology |
About five days ago, my back started tightening in the middle region. A couple of days ago, I was trapped in my bed, unable to move.
It was a wonderful experience. The room looked no different from a Western medicine examination room.
After they placed the needles, the doctor asked me how I felt. I told her I couldn’t feel any pain.
A.The mysterious ancient healing art of acupuncture was amazing. |
B.Chinese medicine tend to regard the patient’s symptoms as a whole. |
C.I hated the looks from my doctor for symptoms that Western technology can’t handle perfectly. |
D.I felt like I was in an altered state of relaxation, a different dimension, even. |
E.The doctor told me to be patient and wait for the needles to take effect. |
F.I sat down and discussed my symptoms with the medical student. |
G.This actually indicated that I was responding well to the treatment. |
Patients in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease often struggle to remember recently learned information, meaning they forget things like important appointments or where they left their keys. But it seems that these memories are not lost. They are still filed away in the brain somewhere; they just can’t be easily accessed.
Now, researchers at MIT have developed a means of getting back memories in mice suffering from Alzheimer’s. The method relies on a technique that uses light to control genetically modified neurons (转基因神经元). Currently it is too early to be used in human trials as it involves inserting light emitting (发光) equipment into the subjects’ brains, but the same principles still apply, the researchers said.
“The important point is that this is evidence of concept. That is, even if a memory seems to be gone, it is still there. It’s a matter of how to get it back, ” said senior researcher Susumu Tonegawa.
The team took two groups of mice, one genetically engineered to develop Alzheimer’s and one healthy. They then placed them into a room and gave them a mild electric shock. All of the mice showed fear when put back in an hour later. When placed in the room a third time several days later, the Alzheimer’s mice acted normally. They had forgotten the shock.
The researchers were then able to bring back the memory of the shock by activating (激活) the cells in which the memories were stored. Even when the mice were put into an unfamiliar room, they showed fear when the cells associated with the shock were activated.
“Shortterm memory seems to be normal. But for longterm memory, these early Alzheimer’s mice seem to be damaged, ” said lead researcher Dheeraj Roy. “Or rather, there is indeed an access problem to the information.”
【小题1】What can we learn about the researchers at MIT?A.They are the pioneers of brain research. |
B.They have used the method in human trials. |
C.They can cure Alzheimer’s using the new method. |
D.They can get back memories in mice with Alzheimer’s. |
A.They can transform their brain cells. |
B.They can’t learn new tricks well. |
C.They can easily get back their memory. |
D.They can’t access the information stored. |
A.By dividing the mice into different groups. |
B.By giving them a mild electric shock. |
C.By studying their fear when placing into a room. |
D.By analyzing their memories. |
A.To introduce a method of a research. |
B.To report the latest discovery about a disease. |
C.To give advice on how to improve memory. |
D.To explain how the brain stores information. |
组卷网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不能确保所有知识产权权属清晰,如您发现相关试题侵犯您的合法权益,请联系组卷网