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If you find yourself unable to go more than 15 minutes without reaching into your pocket, pulling out your smart phone and checking your e-mail or WeChat, don’t panic. You are hardly alone. A recent survey shows that smart phone users have developed “checking habit” ---frequently checks of e-mails and other Apps. The checks normally lasted less than 30 seconds and were often done every 10 minutes.

On average, the study subjects check their phones 34 times a day. And the strangest part is that they don’t even realize they are doing it. "I hadn’t told my hand to reach out for the phone. It seemed to be doing it all on its own,” wrote Elizabeth Cohen, a medical correspondent for CNN who watched her right hand sneaking away from her side to grab her phone while sitting on the table at dinner with friends.

Loren Frank, a neuroscientist at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), explains that checking smart phones is rewarding in some way. "Each time you get an e-mail, it’s a little bit exciting, because it means a positive feedback that you’re an important person,” Frank told CNN. Once the brain becomes used to this positive feedback, reaching out for the phone becomes an automatic action you don’t even think about consciously, said Frank. Professor Clifford Nass of Stanford University added that constantly checking your smart phone is also “an attempt to not have to think hard but feel like you are doing something”.

However, every coin has two sides. This habit can cause problems. Studies show that whenever you take a break from what you are doing to check your smart phone, it is hard to go back to your original task, according toAdam Gazzaley, a neurologist at UCSF. That’s not the worst. A survey by South Korean marriage consulting agency Duo earlier this year shows that smart phones are destroying intimate relationships, reports The Korea Herald(韩国先驱报). About half of the respondents said they had had fights with their boyfriend or girlfriend because of smart phones. And 32.8 percent of them fought about smart phone obsession. In this respect, checking smart-phones at regular intervals                                        is a bad habit. But just as an old saying goes, “Bad habits die hard.”

So to get rid of the checking habit, Cohen suggests establishing phone-free times and zones.

【小题1】What does the passage mainly talk about?
A.A smart-phone consumption survey.
B.The advantages of smart-phone checking habit.
C.The obsession with smart-phone checking.
D.They ways to quit smart-phone checking habit.
【小题2】According to the author, what is the most unusual part of the survey?
A.Most of the subjects have developed “checking habit”.
B.The checks typically last 30 seconds.
C.The subjects tend to check their smart-phone frequently.
D.The subjects are unaware of the action when checking their smart-phones.
【小题3】With the words by Elizabeth Cohen in Paragraph 2, the author intends to show __________.
A.what a “checking habit” is.
B.the common existence of “checking habit”.
C.the unconsciousness of “checking habit”.
D.the harm of “checking habit” to people.
【小题4】According to Loren Frank, checking smart-phones, frequently is __________.
A.worthwhile in some way.
B.unimportant for those busy people.
C.necessary to think hard.
D.likely to cause neurological diseases.
【小题5】According to Paragraph 4, what negative effects may “checking habit” have on students?
A.They might fail in their exams.
B.They might get distracted from their work.
C.They would make friends with unfamiliar people.
D.They would manage to break up with their close friends.
20-21高三上·天津河西·期中
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In its reaction to reports that its Kindle business is exiting the Chinese mainland market, Amazon said customers can still buy Kindle devices through online and offline, while some of its devices have been sold out in the mainland.

No one knows whether customers bought all its products or the company produced too few, leading to the sellout, but it is obvious that Kindle has shut down several online sales channels, forcing many in China to put their Kindles up for sale.

On the other hand, Data shows the number of digital readers was higher than before. The total market value of the digital reading industry grows 21.8 percent over that in 2019.

The reason for the industry’s growth even as Kindle drops is the popularity of smartphones. When it can take care of most daily needs, why would one want a Kindle device? In fact, all electronic devices that specialize in single functions are fading out, be it Kindle, MP3 or MP4 players. Even tablets account for only one-tenth of mobile devices sales because one cannot use one to make a phone call.

Besides, Kindle itself has problems. The electronic books that can be bought are expensive, while Kindle Unlimited, a program that allows customers to read any number of eBooks for a monthly subscription fee, seldom includes new titles .

In a nutshell, while electronic reading is a booming (繁荣的) market, the market for electronic reading devices is becoming smaller. That’s why many people joke that the only function left for a Kindle device is to act as a cover for a steaming cup of instant noodles.

Of course, Kindle offers some very good professional resources for scholars, while also allowing users to install an electronic dictionary to let them read in different languages. That’s why many users are saddened and hope Kindle does not disappear forever. Maybe Kindle can find a way to reinvent itself and continue serving its customers.

【小题1】Why have the Kindle devices been sold out according to the passage?
A.The reason is unknown.B.Too many offline private deals.
C.Kindles are out of stock presently.D.The government takes some measures.
【小题2】Which statement is true about electronic devices?
A.Tablets provide call function.B.MP3 and MP4 are more popular.
C.Smartphones are multifunctional.D.Kindles are equipped with the latest books.
【小题3】What does the underlined sentence “the only function left for a Kindle device is to act as a cover for a steaming cup of instant noodles” in paragraph 6 mean?
A.Kindle has many functions.
B.Kindle is very popular with consumers.
C.Kindle is very fit to cover steaming instant noodles.
D.Kindle’s many functions can be replaced by smartphones.
【小题4】What can we know from the last paragraph?
A.Users are disappointed with Kindle.B.Kindle must reinvent itself to get back.
C.Kindles will quit from market for ever.D.Electronic dictionaries can’t be got in Kindle.

Twenty years ago, the idea of sharing our lives so openly with the world was unheard of. However, for young people today it is considered completely normal to share pictures of their lives and interact (互动) online every day. Fans of social media point out that the world has never been so connected as it has allowed people to make friends, learn about the world and celebrate life.

However, many people have concerns about the effects of this new way of living, particularly around the amount and type of information that is shared so openly. Recently researchers have found that too much time on social media may have some negative (消极的) effects. They measured people’s attitudes and feelings before and after watching social media sites. They found that the more time people spent on social media, the more unhappy they became.

There are a number of reasons for this. When watching social media, people often see photographs and stories showing beautiful holidays, fun parties and fashionable clothes. People seldom post negative stories or bad pictures, so it can be misleading (误导). For those looking at these pictures and comparing them to their own lives, they can end up feelings ad and depressed. They might think their lives are worse in comparison. Even for those people who post positive stories and pictures, they too can feel stressed and worried. The number of “likes” and comments on their posts can make them anxious about their popularity. Of course, there is also the problem of “cyber bullying” where people become victims (受害者) of bullying online when others make negative or cruel comments about them.

The reality is that social media is a part of modern life and it is not going to go away. This research shows us that it is important to find a balance between our online and offline lives. We don’t have to disconnect from the Internet to live a happy life, but we should realise that the pictures we see and stories we read are only part of a bigger picture. If we can do that, we can protect ourselves and enjoy our lives.

【小题1】What effect does social media have according to the recent research?
A.It enables people to make more friends on the Internet.
B.It helps people to have a better knowledge of the world.
C.It makes people have much more wonderful lives.
D.It increases unhappiness for people using it too much.
【小题2】Why are people worried when they post positive stories?
A.They fear others mislead their posts.
B.They think others have happier lives.
C.They fear others have no interest in the stories.
D.They guess they may be bullied by bad people.
【小题3】How does the author develop paragraph 3?
A.By listing figures.B.By analyzing causes.
C.By making comparison.D.By describing process.
【小题4】What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A.Telling us to balance online and offline lives.
B.Introducing the convenience social media creates.
C.Describing the threats caused by social media.
D.Persuading people to disconnect from the Internet.

Former Irish President Mary Robinson was just making a polite conversation with an Ethiopian teenager about her wedding day. The 16­year­old had already been married for a year. “She looked at me with the saddest eyes and said, ‘I had to drop out of school.’ ” Robinson said in a telephone interview. “That conveyed to me the reality.” said Robinson, the first woman to serve as Ireland’s president and former U. N. High Commissioner for Human Rights. “Her life, as far as she is concerned, had more or less ended.”

Robinson said keeping girls in school was one of the most important things policymakers could do to address the coming challenges of an ever­increasing population, predicted by the United Nations to reach 7 billion soon. “European countries are concerned about aging populations, but this is much less of an issue than the huge number of people which we are going to see over the next 40 years when the population goes from 7 billion to 9 billion,” she said. “Almost all of that increase will be in poor developing countries, so that we have a very big challenge.”

Family planning experts worry in particular about the future population explosion in Sub­Saharan Africa. In May, the United Nations projected the world population would reach 9.3 billion in 2050 and 10.1 billion by 2100. Much of that growth will come from Africa, where the population is growing at 2.3 percent a year—more than double Asia’s 1 percent growth rate. If that rate stays consistent, which is not certain, Africa’s population will reach 3.6 billion by 2100 from the present 1 billion.

Joel Cohen, a professor of population studies at Rockefeller University and Columbia University in New York, said universal secondary education offered a way to reduce population in high birth rate regions. In addition to providing information about birth control, a secondary education teaches women to reduce their own fertility, improve the health of their children and allows them to move from a mindset of having many children in the hope that some will survive to improve the quality of each child’s life, Cohen wrote in the journal Nature.

【小题1】In the first paragraph, the author introduces his topic by________.
A.explaining the author’s opinions
B.giving an example
C.describing the poor education system
D.coming straight to the topic
【小题2】What can we learn from the passage?
A.Robinson is happy after talking to the Ethiopian girl.
B.Robinson is a successful expert in population studies.
C.Robinson encourages female education.
D.Robinson is worried about the population growth.
【小题3】What is Joel Cohen’s view about secondary education?
A.It can change people’s parenting ideas.
B.It reduces aging population.
C.It makes people pay more attention to education.
D.It provides basic knowledge of health.
【小题4】According to the passage, the most important way to control high population growth is ________.
A.let girls go away from Africa
B.keep girls in families
C.let young girls remain single
D.keep girls in school

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