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We are fortunate to live in a city that encourages bicycling as a means of transportation.Our local government has promoted bicycling by improving bike lanes and increasing the number of them. The growing number of cyclists, however, brings this question to mind: should bicyclists be required to share the responsibilities of the road? Automobile drivers have to take competency tests, follow established regulations, and accept punishment for breaking rules. The city requests drivers to register and license their vehicles to ensure accountability (责任). Bicyclists who use public roadways should be held accountable, too.

Let's look at what sharing the road means. For one thing, it should involve cost sharing.Auto registration and license fees are used, in part, for building and maintaining roadways. It seems only reasonable to ask bicyclists to contribute to transportation funding as well.

More importantly,sharing the road includes accountability. When drivers ignore the rules of the road, the police and other motorists have the opportunity to identify them by their license plate number and report their offenses (违法行为)。 This isn't true for bicyclists. I've seen bicyclists moving quickly between lanes.Because they show no identification, they feel protected by anonymity(匿名)。What good would it do to report to the police “I saw a guy on a red bike blow through the stoplight"? The simple act of making bicyclists identifiable would encourage safer, more responsible riding.

Of course,I've heard arguments against asking cyclists to register and license their bikes. Some people might say, “Little kids ride bikes. Would you require a six-year-old rider to take a test and pay a fee?" Obviously, the city could determine an age when cycling would be considered a "means of transportation on public roads." Other people argue that bicycle fees are unfair because bikes don't damage the roadways as cars do. Bicycle registration fees could be comparatively modest, and the method for displaying a license number could be simple.

Many U.S. cities and towns now implement bike registration and licensing. A statute(法规)from one. California town states that the laws regulating bicycles have a dual purpose, antitheft and safety. I'm eager to see more bicyclists on the road, and I'm hoping for riders who take their responsibilities seriously.

【小题1】To advocate responsible cycling, the author suggests
A.increasing the number of bike lanes
B.giving competency tests to all cyclists
C.identifying cyclists through registration
D.reporting cycling offenses more frequently
【小题2】What is the author's purpose in writing Paragraph 4?
A.To explain how bicycle registration and licensing work.
B.To provide solutions to reduce irresponsible cycling of kids.
C.To respond to people's doubts about holding cyclists accountable.
D.To argue against requiring cyclists to register and license their bicycles.
【小题3】What argumentative methods are used in this article?
① Using examples
② Quoting professionals
③ Comparing and contrasting
④ Appealing to readers' emotions
A.①②
B.②④
C.③④
D.①③
【小题4】Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.Should we encourage more cycling in the city?
B.Should cyclists register and license their bikes?
C.What does "sharing the road" mean to cyclists?
D.How can road safety be guaranteed for cyclists?
20-21高三上·北京海淀·期中
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If you want to do your kids a favor, consider having them walk to school. Walking to school provides many benefits – improving academic performance, reducing anxiety, boosting spirits, better sleep, a sense of independence, having an opportunity to familiarize oneself with a neighborhood, to notice small details, to feel a sense of wonder at the surroundings. The list goes on.

Parental fears still exist, however. Parents are terrified of cars, of injury, of harsh weather, of encounters with strangers and wild animals. These fears prevent parents from letting their kids do something that's actually enormously beneficial to them, despite the fact that removing an opportunity to be active contributes to an increase in childhood obesity, which can have a greater negative impact on a child's life than the risk of being injured due to being active.

How do we go from being a society that does not encourage its children to walk independently to being one that does? Parents must face their own discomfort with letting go. Brussoni, an expert who researches children's outdoor and risky play, said "We want to move parents from focusing solely on protecting their child to building trust in their child’s abilities and strategies to support their child’s skills in navigating the streetscape."

Schools can play a role by encouraging children to walk to school. Brussoni offers additional suggestions: "They should promote a culture that walking to school is the norm, help educate parents on why this is important, and consider closing the streets around the school to cars before and after school."

Parents might do well to put themselves in their children's shoes. As adults, we know how good a morning walk feels to start off a day or to end one. Walking energizes us and cheers us up, and it can do the same for children. As we go through this pandemic that has shaken up all of our lives, it's a good time to practice new routines and establish new habits. Walking to school is a great place to start.

【小题1】What can we infer about kids’ usual way of going to school?
A.They walk to school alone.B.They are driven to school.
C.They ride bikes to school.D.They are led to school by teachers.
【小题2】What does Brussoni suggest parents do in paragraph 3?
A.Focus on their child’s safety.B.Protect their child against injury.
C.Believe their child’s abilities.D.Strike traffic rules into their child’s heart.
【小题3】What does the underlined word “They” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A.Schools.B.Societies.C.Governments.D.Children.
【小题4】What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A.To illustrate the roles of parents and schools.
B.To advise parents to have kids walk to school.
C.To promote a way of establishing a new routine.
D.To encourage kids to form a good habit.

As the weather costs you a loss on trains and flights, we look at your rights.


Cancelled trains

On a single ticket, a passenger will usually receive 25% of the fare if the train is delayed by 15 minutes. If the delay reaches 30 minutes, the compensation(补偿金)rises to 50%, and if it’s over an hour you should be able to reclaim the whole cost. Clear arrangements vary according to train operators(运营商).

If you were due to travel, to say Aberdeen from London, your train is cancelled and you decide not to travel, you can get a full compensation. If you had a non-cancelable ticket with one operator, and failed to make that train because the connecting train was delayed, you can take the next available train.


Flights

If your flight is cancelled because of the snow you have the right to s full compensation of the ticket, or to be rerouted home on a later flight.

But you will have no right to get a delay or cancellation compensation under EU rules, because the snow is an extraordinary circumstance beyond the airline’s control. If you don’t take the compensation and choose to be rerouted, and it means you are stuck at the airport overnight, it’s the airline’s duty to pay for a reasonably priced hotel room and meals.

The airline has to reroute you at the earliest opportunity, or at the passenger’s free time, you are supposed to take the availability of seats.

If you choose to be rerouted or if your departure is delayed by more than two hours, airlines also have to provide assistance such as food. The airlines keep this quiet and getting the money out of the low-cost operators can be a hard job. Keep evidence of cancellations, all receipts, and use your mobile to video any offer to pay by airline staff.

【小题1】What is your compensation determined by when your trains are delayed due to bad weather?
A.The operator.
B.The price of the ticket.
C.The length of delay time.
D.The class of the service and the price of the ticket.
【小题2】How many choices do you have if you are to travel Aberdeen from London, and your train is cancelled?
A.One.B.Two.
C.Three.D.Four.
【小题3】How can you save the trouble in getting g money out of the low-cost operators?
A.By keeping the evidence and videoing any offer to pay.
B.At the earliest opportunity, or the passenger’s free time.
C.By preventing the airlines from keeping their duty quiet.
D.By arguing reasonably with the staff of the airlines offering you the flight.

European Union member states gave final approval Tuesday to a plan that would require all new cars sold in the EU to be zero-emission (零排放) vehicles starting in the year 2035. It’s part of the EU’s plan to address climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and more ambitious than similar efforts in America. A quarter of the group’s emissions come from the transportation sector, and 70% of that is road traffic.

“The direction of travel is clear: in 2035, new cars and vans must have zero emissions,” European Commission Executive Vice President Timmermans said in a statement. “The new rules on CO2-emissions from cars and vans are a key part of the European Green Deal and will be a big contribution to our target of being climate neutral by 2050,” Timmermans added.

The plan also requires that, by the year 2030, the average emissions of new cars drop by 55% and the average emissions of new vans drop by 50%, compared with vehicle emissions in 2021.

There’s one major warning to the plan. The European Commission said it would carve out a favorable policy for the continued sale of cars that run on e-fuels past 2035 at Germany’s request, according to Reuters. E-fuels are made using captured CO2 emissions. Poland opposed (反对) the new law, the BBC reported, and Italy, Bulgaria and Romania didn’t vote.

But there is no deny that the plan has an extremely good future. President Biden has said he supports the rise of electric vehicles, and in 2021 he signed an official order setting a goal that half of all new passenger cars and light trucks sold in the U.S. in 2030 be zero-emission vehicles, including plug-in hybrids. Several states have announced future bans on gas-powered cars, though.

However, the shift from petrol engines to electric vehicles won’t be as easy as turning a key. Some of the challenges of switching to zero-emission vehicles include the relatively high cost of electric cars and a lack of charging infrastructure (基础设施).

【小题1】What is the purpose of the new vehicle plan?
A.To promote car sales in the EU.
B.To decrease the greenhouse gas emission.
C.To show the advantages of gas-powered cars.
D.To introduce new electric vehicles to be sold in the EU.
【小题2】What can we infer about the new vehicle plan?
A.It wins the support from all the EU citizens.
B.It can be carried out effortlessly and smoothly.
C.It calls for improvement of electric vehicles’ charging access.
D.It may receive strong opposition from electric vehicles makers.
【小题3】What is the author’s attitude to the shift from petrol engines to electric vehicles?
A.Cautious.B.Unclear.C.Positive.D.Uncaring.
【小题4】What is the text mainly about?
A.New cars in the EU will be zero-emission from 2035.
B.The EU reaches an agreement to improve vehicle quality.
C.The law on zero-emission vehicle causes heated discussion.
D.The new zero-emission U. S vehicles will win the EU market.

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