Federal laws have been in place to protect archaeological (考古学的) resources for more than a century.
Yet theft, vandalism, and looting continue to pose serious threats to our cultural resources, and land managing agencies, tribal communities, and others are faced with the challenge of protecting heritage sites. A 2010 National Park Service report revealed that more than 3,000 cases of vandalism and looting on federal lands were documented within a 3-year period, and many more are likely unreported. Destructive behaviors range from the harmful act of artifact collecting to the criminal activity of looting and grave robbing.
Ancestral sites and surface artifacts are abundant in the Southwest. These material remains maintain connections to ancient traditions and cultural identity.
A.It is of primary importance to work with local police. |
B.Signs of these activities are found across the landscape. |
C.Therefore, they are of cultural and spiritual importance. |
D.There is no single or easy solution to this serious problem. |
E.They serve as significant contributors to local and national economies. |
F.The Antiquities Act, passed in 1906, was the first measure taken to preserve sites. |
G.It forbids the damage to archaeological resources on public lands without a permit. |
Before war and time destroy more of our important cultural sites, we need to save them in 3-D digital libraries. Across 163 different countries, 1,000 natural and cultural historic places make up our most precious human heritage, which UNESCO calls World Heritage Sites.
We lose a little of that heritage every day. War, climate change and pollution have a bad effect, as do wind and rain. The $4 million a year that UNESCO spends on preservation is not nearly enough to take care of even the four dozen sites considered at approaching risk of being lost forever. Now there’s a better choice. New digital-conservation technologies let us hold on to them, at least virtually (虚拟地), through 3-D scanning, modeling and digital storage. Such projects can be accomplished (完成) through cooperation between governments, universities, industry and non-profit organizations.
To make a 3-D model, a laser (激光) scanner bounces light off an object and records the results. To reproduce every corner and opening, the scanner collects overlapping (重叠的) images from all possible angles. A computer then sews them together into one large surface image and draws lines from one point to another to create a wire-frame model. High-resolution digital cameras add color and texture. When fully put together, the models can be viewed, printed or operated.
These scans do more than preserve a memory in a database. With highly accurate measurements, archaeologists (考古学家) can find hidden passages or reveal ancient engineering tricks. School kids can explore places they might otherwise never see. And when a site is destroyed, the scans can even be used to reconstruct what was there. That has already happened for one World Heritage Site, the Kasubi Tombs in Uganda. Built of wood in 1882, they were destroyed by fire in 2010 and rebuilt in 2014, based in large part on 3-D models made in 2009. More than 100 World Heritage Sites have been already preserved as 3-D models, and conservationists are racing to record as many more as possible.
【小题1】How does the author show the necessity for 3-D digital libraries in the first two paragraphs?A.By listing the threats to our human heritage. |
B.By introducing some damaged historical sites. |
C.By quoting some experts’ views on heritage protection. |
D.By explaining UNESCO’s research on World Heritage Sites. |
A.The function of a laser scanner is to add color and texture to the image. |
B.The reflection of light off an object is recorded in a computer. |
C.The process of making a 3-D model is successfully carried out with the help of a laser scanner, a computer and high-resolution digital cameras. |
D.High-resolution digital cameras make the models viewable, printable, and operable. |
A.It is metal-framed. |
B.It is still in its original condition. |
C.It was once destroyed in an earthquake. |
D.It was reconstructed thanks to 3-D models. |
A.Never ignore the destructive power of war. |
B.Take action to reduce pollution in historic places. |
C.Take advantage of 3-D technology to keep history. |
D.Invest more money to preserve World Heritage Sites. |
On a warm spring morning in 1984, Dong Yaohui and his two young friends pulled on backpacks and set out to hike the Great Wall. Their walk began in Shanhai Pass.
The walk of 17 months and 8,850 kilometers tested persistence.
On completing their journey, they published their experiences in a book. As they shared their adventures, it became clear that it was not just the physical demands but also the emotional impact that left lasting impressions.
The Cultural Relics Administrative Department has been given control over the overall protection of the Great Wall.
Dong places his hands on the weathered wall, as he did 35 years ago. But today, he thinks more deeply on a mission grander than his own journey. “Someone dug up some earth, making it into a brick,” he says. “Someone else brought it all the way up the mountain and built a wall. Then many people guarded the wall for hundreds of years. The Great Wall is definitely alive.
A.It isn’t just a cold, stone wall. |
B.It requires the efforts of all society. |
C.From there they went forward to the vast west. |
D.It wound its way and reached to the Bohai Sea. |
E.It made them the first ever to walk the whole length. |
F.Meanwhile, local villagers have recently been hired to act as guardians. |
G.Preservation work began when the Great Wall was listed as a World Heritage Site. |
A bronze horse head sculpture, a treasure of China’s Old Summer Palace that went missing 160 years ago, returned to its original palace home Tuesday. It is the first time that a priceless cultural artifact from the Old Summer Palace has been sent from abroad and then returned to be kept there.
Twelve animal head sculptures once formed a zodiac (生肖) water clock in Beijing’s Yuanmingyuan, built by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. The originals were looted (抢劫) from the royal garden by Anglo-French allied forces in 1860 during the second Opium War.
Macao billionaire Stanley Ho bought the bronze horse head and decided to donate it to the National Cultural Heritage Administration (NCHA) and return it to its original home. The NCHA has spent one year refurbishing (刷新) the old Zhengjue Temple, the main place of worship for Qing Dynasty emperors in the garden, to an exhibition venue.
An exhibition in memory of the return of the horse head has kicked off at the temple, displaying about 100 items including relics and photographs. “The horse head sculpture was returned to its original palace home amid the challenges brought by COVID-19,” said an official. “It also led to an all-round upgrade of security at the Old Summer Palace, which allows for long-term exhibitions.”
“There is international consensus (共识) on returning lost cultural relics to their original homes, and China’s efforts to bring relics home in recent years have enhanced that consensus,” he added.
【小题1】What do we know about the bronze horse head sculpture?A.It was once stolen by French soldiers. |
B.It was given back by a foreign country. |
C.It has been put at its original location. |
D.It was sold about 160 years ago. |
A.Patriotic. | B.Persistent. | C.Capable. | D.Optimistic. |
A.Started. | B.Prepared. | C.Organized. | D.Shown. |
A.China is sure to get all the lost important cultural treasures back. |
B.China has contributed greatly to the international consensus in recent years. |
C.Returning lost cultural relics to their original homes has a long way to go. |
D.More Chinese will buy lost important cultural relics from foreign countries. |
组卷网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不能确保所有知识产权权属清晰,如您发现相关试题侵犯您的合法权益,请联系组卷网