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Love the way you walk

Listen carefully to the footsteps, and you can work out who is walking about. The features commonly used to identify people are faces and fingerprints. But the way they walk is also a giveaway.

Researchers have used video cameras and computers to analyze people’s gaits (步法). But translating such knowledge into a practical identification system can be tricky. Cameras are often visible, require good lighting and may have their view blocked by other people. A team led by Dr. Ozanyan and Dr. Scully have been looking for a better way to recognize gait. Their answer: pressure-sensitive mats.

Such mats are nothing new. They have been part of security systems. But Ozanyan and Scully use a complicated version that can record the amount of pressure applied in different places as someone walks across it. The researchers turned to an artificial-intelligence system to recognize such patterns. In a study in 2018, they tested the system on a database of footsteps of 127 people. They found its error rate in identifying who was who was a mere 0.7%. And Scully says even without a database of footsteps, the system can determine someone’s sex and a subject’s age.

One application of the mat-based gait-recognition system might be in health care, particularly for the elderly. A mat placed in a nursing home or an old person’s own residence could monitor changes in an individual’s gait that indicates certain illnesses. That would provide early warning of someone being at greater risk of falling over. Gait analysis might also be used as a security measure in the workplace, monitoring access to restricted areas, such as parts of military bases, server farms or laboratories dealing with dangerous materials. Perhaps the most interesting use of the mats, though, would be in public places, such as airports.

【小题1】What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2?
A.Research equipment.B.Research findings.
C.Research assumption.D.Research background.
【小题2】What is the mat used for?
A.Collecting data.B.Ensuring safety.
C.Determining age.D.Analyzing pressure.
【小题3】What might the gait-recognition system be applied to?
A.Monitoring security work progress.
B.Detecting potential health problems.
C.Keeping track of travelling frequency.
D.Warning passengers of possible dangers.
【小题4】What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.Compare and educate.B.Examine and assess.
C.Discuss and persuade.D.Explain and inform.
20-21高三上·山东潍坊·期末
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After building some standard cargo bikes,【小题1】, this time with something very special. I wanted to build an ideal cargo bike combining the stability of a three-wheeler with the possibility to change directions like being on two wheels.

The first step was to do extensive research.【小题2】. An incredible source of technical inspiration was the online Tilting Group. Although primarily concerned with tilting concepts of engine driven constructions, the group is surely the best place to find information about constructing a tilter.

After researching and outlining a few ideas, I grabbed some parts and started with a very simple prototype. Building such a vehicle needs a high degree of accuracy, which was not the case with my prolotype. 【小题3】. So I made a few more sketches, which led to an improved version of the driving and tilting mechanism.

Then I started building the tricycle. Building the structure was quite straightforward. As usual I took an old bike apart for the back triangle and then added the front part. After adding a cargo basket to the structure, 【小题4】.

Now came the hard part the driving mechanism. I started with the usual design used for two-wheel cargo bikes, but it took me quite some time to figure out how to pass the driving force to both wheels without allowing the whole thing to lock itself in any angle.

【小题5】, but I’m sure I can use the knowledge I gained one way or another.

A.The project was demanding
B.I decided to get my hands dirty again
C.I fell in love with three-wheeler bikes
D.I put all the parts together for the first time
E.It took me quite some time to understand the ideas behind it
F.The engine driven constructions were always the most difficult to fix
G.The consequence was that the driving mechanism locked itself occasionally

If businesses are to get workers back into the office, finding ways to keep social distancing(社会隔离)will be important. An Israeli company thinks it can help, using smart sensors installed on workplace ceilings.

PointGrab developed its technology before COVID-19 to help workspace managers optimize(优化)how employees use office space. About the size of a smoke alarm, the sensors can record the exact number and location of people in buildings including offices, hotels and restaurants. One of the company's first clients was Deloitte, which installed the system at its London office last year. PointGrab s sensors were connected to screens in the building to show the availability(利用率)of desks and shared areas in real time. PointGrab CEO Doron Shachar says it was one of a series of innovations that helped Deloitte fit 30% more people into 3% less space.

Now to prevent the coronavirus spreading face to face, PointGrab has adapted the technology to some degree so the sensors can also monitor social distancing by keeping track of how far apart people are, and whether they're traveling in one direction around a building. Workspace managers can set up alarm for when two people are closer than two meters for more than 30 seconds, for example. The sensors have been included in the “six feet office” concept created by a company Cushman & Wakefield to encourage employees to practice social distancing. They are currently being used in this way at a university in the Netherlands, and at an innovation centre in Belgium. While the social distancing innovation is new, PointGrab has installed more than 10, 000 sensors for workspace optimization, including in the offices of Coca-Cola, Facebook and Dell.

Workers might not like the idea of being monitored, but PointGrab says no images or identifying features are recorded. Instead, each employee is represented as a dot on a screen. “The sensor does not violate people’s privacy,” Shachar says. This is extremely important in the workspace.

【小题1】What were the sensors used to do before COVID-19?
A.To identify employees.B.To record locations.
C.To keep track of employees.D.To make better use of office space.
【小题2】What does the underlined word “adapted” probably mean in Paragraph 3?
A.Introduced.B.Adjusted.
C.Formed.D.Boomed.
【小题3】What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Smart sensors give away people’s privacy.
B.PointGrab is in good conditions.
C.Workers are in favor of the company management.
D.Worker appearance will not show clearly on the screen.
【小题4】Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A.How we can get workers back into their office
B.How we can improve the employees’ efficiency
C.Smart sensors make office social distancing easier
D.Smart sensors are a key technological innovation

Baidu has uncovered plans for an electric self-driving car with a removable steering wheel (方向盘), marking another step forward in the fast-moving robotaxi race in China.

The Chinese tech giant, the country’s answer to Google, showed the Apollo RT6, its sixth-generation self-driving car, at its yearly flagship meeting on Thursday. Baidu’s ride-hailing (叫车) service, Apollo Go, currently operates in 10 Chinese cities. The new vehicle will be introduced through that program sometime next year. Once regulators give the green light, the Apollo RT6’s removable steering wheel will legally be able to come off, a company executive said Thursday.

Baidu is selling its new design as a way to free up space for things like “extra seating, vending machines, desktops, or gaming consoles”. The company said its new self-driving car has dramatically lowered the production costs from previous versions, by about half. Those cost savings will be passed on to passengers as the company prepares to introduce the cars to its existing robotaxis around the country, according to CEO Robin Li.

“We are moving towards a future where taking a robotaxi will be half the cost of taking a taxi today,” he said in a statement. “This massive cost reduction will make tens of thousands of self-driving cars available across China.”

Baidu made its name as a massive search engine provider, but it has also long spent money on self-driving technology in the world’s largest car market. In April, the company announced — along with another Chinese self-driving startup — that it would start letting people in certain areas book taxi rides without anyone behind the wheel. Other companies have showed off vehicles without steering wheels before, including GM and Honda, Google, and Mercedes-Benz.

In April, Tesla CEO Elon Musk told analysts that the automaker was aiming to start mass production of its own robotaxi without steering wheels or pedals in 2024. Baidu said Thursday that its new model was ready for production, but did not disclose a manufacturing partner.

【小题1】What can we learn about Apollo RT6?
A.It needs a driver behind the wheel.
B.It is serving in 10 cities at present.
C.It will serve through a ride-hailing app.
D.It has no steering wheel when it is made.
【小题2】Which statement is likely to happen according to Robin Li?
A.Taking a robotaxi will cost people less money.
B.Baidu will give up designing things like extra seating.
C.Half of the production costs will be paid by passengers.
D.The company will introduce the cars in small numbers.
【小题3】Why are other companies mentioned in the last two paragraphs?
A.To warn Baidu of its competitors.
B.To prove that the robotaxi is the best.
C.To uncover Baidu’s possible partners.
D.To indicate the future trend of self-driving.
【小题4】Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A.The Self-driving Car Frees up Space
B.The Cost of Robotaxi Has Been Reduced
C.Baidu Spends Money on Self-driving Technology
D.Baidu Introduces New Self-driving Taxi to China

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