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When it comes to helping developing countries, we often think about offering money in order that they can build schools and hospitals, buy food and medicine, or find clean water supplies. These seem to be the most important basic needs in their lives. However, it's far from enough. We have to come up with better ideas.

A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a cheap laptop computer, which he decided to invent after he visited a school in Cambodia. The laptop which Mr. Negroponte has designed is not the same as the normal one that you can buy in the shops. One difference is that it will be covered in rubber so that it is strong and won't be damaged easily. As an electricity supply can be a problem in developing countries, the computer also has a special handle in order that children can wind the computer up to give it extra power just as easy as setting a clock.

This special laptop computer will cost less than 100 US dollars and Mr. Negroponte wants to produce as many as 15 million laptop computers in the first year. The idea is that these computers will help the children’s education as they will be able to access the Internet. These computers might not benefit the people in developing countries immediately, but by improving children’s education they should help people to find their own solutions to their problems in the long term.

Another idea to help children in developing countries is to recycle old mobile phones so that they can be used again in the UK and probably in many other countries too, millions of mobile phones are thrown away every year. The waste crested by throwing away these old phones is very bad for the environment, so it seems to be an excellent idea to achieve two important goals at the same time. We will reduce the waste we produce and help others, in other words, we will be able to “kill two birds with one stone” and that is always a good thing.

【小题1】The underlined phrase “wind up” in paragraph 2 means      .
A.吹风B.给……上紧发条C.拆开D.带走
【小题2】The laptop computer that Mr. Negroponte has designed       .
A.will be damaged much easier than the normal one
B.has a special handle to access the Internet
C.is cheap and can run with extra power
D.can be helpful to find the people’s own solutions
【小题3】Mr. Negroponte’s cheap computer is mentioned in the passage to        .
A.illustrate the kindness of people in the developed countries
B.tell us what high technology can help people
C.show how to find business opportunities in developing countries
D.give an example of how to help developing countries
【小题4】Which is the best idea the author gives us to help the developing countries?
A.We need to think about more ways to help people in developing countries,not just throw money at the problem.
B.We should spend much money helping people in developing countries build more schools and hospitals.
C.We should think about giving help to developing countries by giving them all we have.
D.We should help the people in developing countries by improving children's education immediately.
19-20高一下·宁夏银川·期末
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A group that represents 5,500 independent filling stations around the UK says that two-thirds or more of its stations are out of fuel. Drivers have to visit many petrol stations in the hope of finding fuel, often waiting in line for hours to buy gas at the few stations that do have fuel.

Some people are calling for emergency workers to get special attention at filling stations. There are serious concerns about workers like doctors, nurses, and ambulance drivers being unable to work because of the shortage. Already the country’s National Health Service has had to cancel some visits by cancer patients because of the shortage.

The government says the problem is being caused by people buying more fuel than they need because they are scared. Some people are calling this petrol panic. Normally, gas and oil companies like BP, Shell and Esso are limited in how they work together. That’s meant to keep them from planning together to raise prices. Now, the government has given these companies temporary permission to work together to make sure that gas stations get supplies as quickly as possible.

But surveys have shown that the current gas problem isn’t caused by an actual lack of fuel. It’s that there aren’t enough truck drivers to deliver fuel to petrol stations. Experts believe that the UK is short of as many as 100,000 more drivers. The UK has had a shortage of truck drivers for years, but the problem has gotten far worse in the last 18 months. That’s because around 25,000 truck drivers from Europe have left the UK because of Brexit—the UK chose to leave the European Union.

In a short term effort to help solve the problem, the government has offered temporary permission for as many as 5,000 truck drivers from Europe to come over and drive trucks in the UK. But the UK truck drivers don’t believe many European drivers will be interested. They say truck drivers in the UK earn little and the working conditions aren’t good.

【小题1】What do the first two paragraphs focus on concerning the gas shortage?
A.The UK’s responses.B.Its processes.
C.People’s worries.D.Its consequences.
【小题2】What’s the experts’ view on the cause of petrol panic?
A.Gas prices have risen sharply.B.Gas transportation has gone wrong.
C.There are few petrol stations.D.Gas companies are to blame.
【小题3】What can be learnt about the UK truck drivers?
A.They are for Brexit.B.They get well paid.
C.They are urgently needed.D.They work long hours.
【小题4】Where is the text most probably taken from?
A.A newspaper report.B.An official document.
C.An environment paper.D.A drivers’ brochure.

The Chinese word“Shanzhai”means a small mountain village, but now it becomes an accepted name for fakes, after “Shanzhai Cell­phones” produced by small workshops in southern China became popular in the mainland market over the past two years. Besides “Shanzhai” electronic products, there are “Shanzhai” movies, “Shanzhai” stars and even a “Shanzhai” Spring Festival Gala, a copy of the 25­year­old traditional show presented by CCTV on Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve.

“Shanzhai” has become a culture of its own, meaning anything that imitates something famous. In Chongqing, “Shanzhai” version “Bird’s Nest” and “Water Cube” woven by farmers with bamboo attract wide attention from tourists.Both are copies of the famous Olympic buildings in Beijing.

A literature critic said that taking the “Shanzhai” Gala as an example, when the traditional CCTV program becomes less and less attractive to the audience, the “Shanzhai” version appears timely to attract people. “Although it is often connected with poor techniques and operation, “Shanzhai” culture meets the psychological needs of common people and could be a comfort to their minds,” he said.

To the mainstream(主流)culture, the rise of “Shanzhai” culture is a challenge and a motivation(推动). People believe different kinds of cultures developing together is a perfect way and it is for the public to choose.

【小题1】The Chinese word“Shanzhai”may have started with ________.
A.fake cell­phonesB.electronic products
C.Spring Festival GalaD.Olympic buildings
【小题2】According to the passage, “Shanzhai” culture means ________.
A.the action that a person imitates famous people
B.products with poor techniques and quality
C.anything that are copies of something famous
D.those similar names to famous brands
【小题3】The underlined word“imitates”is closest in meaning to ________.
A.stealsB.copiesC.advertisesD.cheats
【小题4】We can infer that the mainstream culture ________.
A.is held back by“Shanzhai”culture
B.is the challenge of“Shanzhai”culture
C.will be replaced by“Shanzhai”culture
D.may develop faster because of the challenge of“Shanzhai”culture

“Hello!” You type into the chat box. There’s a slight feeling of excitement flowing through your fingers, and you can’t wait for a reply. You think, “There’s probably nothing more exciting than this.”

With communication from all corners of the world possible with the ease of our fingers, we are now witness to an advanced form of the handshake and physical conversations: online friendships.

Alarmingly, according to Internet Safety 101, almost half of young adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent posting their own real names and identification online and 58 percent thinking it doesn’t cause concern. And though some parents may be biting their fingernails in fear right now, more than half of the youth have admitted to making their friends online and a great majority regularly text them.

Though the figures are daunting, we hope we haven’t scared you off! Researchers actually found that pursuing online friendships could be beneficial. The Pennsylvania State University reported that this was especially the case for those with social anxiety, as they might form a stronger comfort bond with their peers through the screen rather than a face-to-face meeting.

Additionally, online interaction may increase your self-confidence. In our current situation of isolation (隔离), perhaps that perfect connection from the safety of our homes is all it takes to make things just a little more bearable.

In the end, it all depends on you. Whether your search for a friend bears fruit lies in your approach, and though I’m not a great relationship master, I have some tips that will aid you in your exploration for the “BFF (best friend forever)” of your dreams.

【小题1】What can we infer from the third paragraph?
A.The youth often meet online friends in reality.
B.Many parents like biting fingernails when worried.
C.Most Internet users like texting their online friends.
D.Many young adult users lack awareness of Internet safety.
【小题2】Which can replace the underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 4?
A.Frightening.B.Misleading.
C.Disappointing.D.Surprising.
【小题3】What’s the author’s attitude to making friends online?
A.Negative.B.Unclear.
C.Supportive.D.Objective.
【小题4】What do you think the text will talk about next?
A.How to find the best online friends.
B.How to get on well with online friends.
C.How to keep in touch with online friends.
D.How to benefit from dream online friends.

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