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When we’re small children, our mistakes are applauded. Our falling-down attempts to walk for the first time are cheered by our parents, giving us the courage to get up and try again. When we accidentally put our shirt on backwards, people smile and praise our independence. At this age, the world teaches us that failure is merely part of the journey to success.

But when we get to school, we quickly learn that mistakes are bad. Answers are right or wrong, true or false. The risk-taking that used to be rewarded is now punished, and we either give up or learn to stick with safe answers. Unfortunately, this black-or-white thinking doesn’t encourage learning. Instead, it encourages a fear of failure and discourages inventiveness.

Teachers are starting to worry, and “resiliency(心理弹性)” is perhaps the latest buzzword(术语) in education. In June, the California Teacher’s Association published an article called “Teaching Students to Bounce Back.” It argued that children are under more stress than ever, but lacking in “basic coping skills”. The article infers that this loss of coping skills could be because “years of testing and test preparation have robbed them of critical thinking skills and the ability to self-reflect.” It’s no coincidence that anxiety among teenagers is on the rise. In her book, The Price of Privilege, Marilyn Levine tries to make sense of this phenomenon: “When parents place an extremely high value on outstanding performance, children come to see anything less than perfection as failure. While most kids hang in there and try to meet those high expectations, more and more kids are quitting.” Students are afraid to try anything new, prevented by fears of appearing imperfect.

Allowing our children to make mistakes is the best way to fight this culture of perfectionism. We must remind them of what they knew as toddlers(初学走路的孩子): mistakes are a valuable part of the learning process. Creation and discovery can only be developed if we give our children the freedom to fail. Schools can build resiliency by stressing exploration over correctness. School needs to be a place that doesn’t just teach the right answers: it should also be a place that teaches kids how to bounce back from failure.

【小题1】What does the underlined word “it”(Paragraph 2) most probably refer to?
A.The risk-taking.B.The falling-down attempt.
C.Putting one’s shirt on backwards.D.The black-or-white thinking.
【小题2】According to Paragraph 3, students lose basic coping skills because they          .
A.lack parents’ understanding and teachers’ guiding
B.lack critical thinking skills and self-reflection ability
C.have too much anxiety and need comfort
D.have too much independence and freedom
【小题3】Marilyn Levine believes that           .
A.most children quit because they are imperfect
B.parents are trying to prevent their children from appearing imperfect
C.children are so afraid of things that they try to avoid trying new things
D.children place a high value on trying new things
【小题4】What might be the best title for the passage?
A.Making Mistakes in School Is a Must.
B.Teaching Students to Bounce Back Is Popular.
C.Students Should Learn Without Failure.
D.Anxiety among Teenagers Is on the Rise.
19-20高一下·广西南宁·期末
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These days, quality online learning chances are available to anyone who has an Internet connection. Most educators understand online learning’s appeal, particularly for busy students, children with special needs, students attending small schools with limited resources and students who want exposure to educational methods from around the world. Time, space, and geography don’t really matter when you’re studying online. Students can be a part of a global, virtual learning community, share ideas, and complete homework anytime and anywhere, but this doesn’t mean the learning is easier. In fact, online learning usually requires students to think more seriously about their work. It also pushes students to manage their time wisely and take full responsibility for their learning. It will also be of much help to those who don’t want to commit to full-time classes.

Michigan Virtual University (MVU) provides online education and training chances for Michigan people. Students who participated in an essay competition supported by MVU cited (引用) many benefits of taking courses online. These benefits included an increased ability to read and follow directions, better time management and greater insight into personal learning styles.

Whatever it is you are trying to achieve educationally, online chances are nearly limitless. Also, virtual students report that the benefits of online learning extend beyond subject knowledge. The focus and communication skills that they learn through online courses will help them stay ahead in the global economy of the 21st century.

There can be little doubt that online learning is here to stay. However, some people point out that virtual learning can never replace the interactive experience of face-to-face learning with a teacher. They add that only in this way can instant feedback be given to help students improve. They also point out that learning in a “real” classroom encourages social skills that cannot be achieved in the isolation of online learning. Both of these points have been largely overcome by technology. Today, webcams give students the chance to attend video conferences both with their teachers and other students.

Online learning is here to stay. Used in the correct way it can make a huge contribution to those people seeking to improve their level of education.

【小题1】Online learning may be suitable for those who want to improve themselves but _______.
A.don’t enjoy full-time study at school
B.can’t manage their time effectively
C.are addicted to playing computer games
D.can’t complete their homework in time
【小题2】The author mentioned the essay competition in Paragraph 2 to _______.
A.encourage us to spend more time studying
B.tell us MVU has set a good example for other universities
C.introduce the essay contest
D.prove the advantages of online learning
【小题3】What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A.Not everyone has equal access to online learning.
B.Online learning has been widely accepted.
C.It is possible for online learning to be interactive due to modern technology
D.Online learning has more advantages over classroom learning.
【小题4】Which of the following agrees with the author’s opinion about online learning?
A.Its appeal needs to be broadened
B.It should be used wisely.
C.It cannot provide students with immediate feedback
D.It takes less effort and is very easy to operate.

Part of the reason that English has grown as a world language is that it easily adjusts to (适应) change. However, this means that what one was taught as a child in school may be out of date many years later. When words or phrases change, it can make speakers feel “wrong” because they were taught that something else was “right.”

One example of this is a term connected to school itself. Today, it is common for people to say that they “graduated high school” or college. The word “graduate” has two common meanings. One is to mark off a series. The other meaning is closely related. As you move through school, you cross off a series of achievements: grade school, middle school, high school, and college. So, in a way, school itself is “graduated.”

So, when people used to speak of getting a degree, they said they “graduated from college.” “To graduate college” would have meant to mark it off by year — the first year, the second year etc. Similarly, “to graduate to college” would have meant to complete high school and move up to the next level.

But as happens often in English, when people understand your meaning, smaller words can disappear. “I graduated college” is now easy to say. This may distress people who were taught that you had to use “from” to be correct. But this is not the first time this phrase has been simplified. It used to be that you said, “I was graduated from college,” instead of, “I graduated from college.”

You can't know what English will keep and what it will lose. Who could imagine that we would still say we “dial” a phone number when we now push buttons on our cellphone? Yet we know what it means.

【小题1】What do we know about the word “graduate”?
A.It has two similar meanings.
B.There was a change in its meanings.
C.It had nothing to do with school at first.
D.It got an extra meaning during its development.
【小题2】Which of the following is the newest usage of “graduate”?
A.I was graduated from college.B.I was to graduate to college.
C.I graduated from college.D.I graduated college.
【小题3】The underlined word “distress” probably means “________”.
A.changeB.correctC.worryD.hurt
【小题4】What's the best title for the text?
A.Right or wrong?
B.Words come and go in English
C.English is a very changeable language
D.How should English be taught in school?

Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to all the buildings in the historic area of the city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons for example, economic (经济的) reasons why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should you do then if a new building is needed?

In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own hometown of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate (影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area.

It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoiled (破坏) the area they have in. But the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative (保守的) and do not like change.

Although we have to respect people’s feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward. If you always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more risky choice.

【小题1】What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?
A.Most of them are too expensive to preserve.
B.Some of them are not attractive.
C.They are more pleasing than modern buildings.
D.They have nothing to do with the historic view of an area.
【小题2】Which of the following is true according to the author?
A.We should reproduce the same old buildings.
B.Buildings should not dominate their surroundings.
C.No one understands why people speak against new buildings.
D.Some old buildings have spoiled the area they are in.
【小题3】By “move things forward” in the last paragraph, the author probably means _________.
A.destroy old buildings
B.put things in a different place
C.respect people’s feelings for historical buildings
D.choose new architectural styles
【小题4】What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To explain why people dislike change
B.To warn that we could end up living in caves
C.To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas
D.To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings

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