Are Sports Drinks Good or Bad for You?

Sports drinks are electrolyte-enhanced drinks.【小题1】 . They will contain electrolytes (电解 质) and sometimes contain caffeine.

There are also energy drinks that are often, and unfortunately, confused with sports drinks. Energy drinks typically contain large amounts of caffeine. Many contain other legal stimulants.   These energy drinks could reduce tiredness and enhance performance in the short term. 【小题2】when our purpose is to restore electrolytes and water.

【小题3】.High amounts of caffeine can cause irregular and rapid heartbeats. Individuals may become anxious and develop sleeping problems. Those consuming energy drinks instead of sports drinks or water may become dehydrated (脱水). We know that there are ingredients in energy drinks. 【小题4】, but they may be present in much larger quantities than people normally consume.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children and teenagers do not use energy drinks. Parents should keep in mind that there are other drinks that contain caffeine, and that many sports drinks contain very high levels of caffeine that would be far more than the daily recommended amount.【小题5】 .

More than 135,000 UK drinkers will die from cancer caused by alcohol(酒精)by the year 2035, researchers say. Drinking too much will cause 7,100 cancer deaths a year by 2035, a rise of 13 percent on the present rate. A study by Sheffield University and Cancer Research UK shows that alcohol will cost the NHS(National Health Service) ￡53billion over the next ten years including ￡2 billion on cancer.

Although alcohol is known to cause many types of cancer including breast and throat most people don’t realize the relation between alcohol and cancer. A survey of 2,100 Britons by the researchers earlier this year found nine in ten did not associate drinking with cancer. The researchers used a computer model to work out the numbers of alcohol-related cancer deaths, hospital admissions(入院)and total costs to NHS over the next 20 years.

The study shows that a fifth of men and 1 in 10 women have alcohol every day---and many of these are middle-aged and middle class. Researchers are very worried about this group as they believe cancer may be caused by drinking over long periods. The study shows that even if the expense stays as it is, alcohol-related cancer deaths will rise from 6,299 in 2015 to 7,097 in 2034. Alcohol will lead to 891, 299 hospital admissions, up from 802, 118 in 2015, and 65, 005 will be caused by cancer.

Earlier this year Chief Medical Officer Dame Sally Davies studied carefully the alcohol guidelines(指导方针)for the first time in thirty years. She told people there was no safe level of drinking and advised them to drink no more than 14 units a week. But researchers say this guidance isn’t enough and want the government to increase a little price per unit of alcohol.

Today，we are constantly bombarded with media reports about research on the right diet to follow to help us maintain a healthy lifestyle or lose weight—but it’s hard to know which one to pick and，once chosen，it's harder still to stick to it.And now there’s another choice to get our teeth into.

A flexitarian(弹性素食者)diet involves eating plant—based foods and only occasionally eating meat and fish.This eating style allows you to supplement some ingredients that you wouldn’t get in a stricter vegan(素食主义者)diet—another trend growing in popularity.And like veganism，flexitarianism isn’t about eating carefully to help you lose a few pounds—it’s something people choose for ethical reasons，to help the planet.And a study into the global food system and how it affects the climate，has found that eating mainly plant-based foods is one of three key steps towards a sustainable future for all by 2050.

This research found that food waste will need to be halved and farming practices will also have to improve to achieve this.But without a single solution，a combined approach is needed.Dr Marco Springmann from the University of Oxford was one of the lead authors of the report.He told the BBC“We really found that a combination of measures would be needed to stay within environmental limits and those include changes towards healthier more plant—based diets.”

But whereas vegans think it's wrong for animals to be killed for food，flexitarians believe eating meat once in a while is acceptable.And Dr Springmann agrees—as long as we“treat it as a luxury，it’s probably OK but you shouldn’t have more than one serving of red meat，which includes beef and pork，per week.”And here’s another fact to digest:If we moved to this type of diet，the study found that greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture would be cut by more than half.