If you're looking for a reason to care about tree loss, this summer's record-breaking heat waves might be it. Trees can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit(华氏度), according to a recent study. But tree cover in US cities is shrinking. A study published last year by the US Forest Service found that we lost 36 million trees annually from urban and rural communities over a five-year period. If we continue on this path, "cities will become warmer, more polluted and generally more unhealthy for inhabitants," said David Nowak, a senior US Forest Service scientist and co-author of the study. Nowak says there are many reasons our tree cover is declining, including hurricanes, tornadoes, fires, insects and disease. But the one reason for tree loss that humans can control is sensible development.
"We see the tree cover being changed, which means when we look at the photographs, what was there is now replaced with a parking lot or a building," Nowak said. "Every time we put a road down, we put a building and we cut a tree or add a tree, it not only affects that site, it affects the region." The study placed a value on tree loss based on trees' role in air pollution removal and energy conservation.
Nowak says there's a downside to trees too, such as pollen allergies or large falling branches in storms, "and people don't like sweeping leaves." But, he says, there are ways cities and counties can manage trees to help communities thrive. Urban forests especially need our help to replace fallen trees. Unlike rural areas, it is very difficult for trees to repopulate themselves in a city environment with so much pavement and asphalt(沥青). "A lot of our native trees can't actually find a place to drop a seed so they can regenerate," explains Greg Levine, co-executive director for Trees Atlanta. "That's why the community has to go in and actually plant a tree because the areas just aren't natural anymore."
Nowak says the first step is caring for the trees on your own property. "We think we pay for our house, and so we must maintain it. But because we don't pay for nature, we don't need to. And that's not necessarily true."
【小题1】Why does the author mention “trees can lower summer daytime temperatures” ?A.To tell the temperatures in summer are high. |
B.To introduce the topic. |
C.To tell trees are helpful. |
D.To explain the reason of tree loss. |
A.Improve climate to let trees grow. |
B.Prevent fires form damaging trees. |
C.Develop cities in reasonable ways. |
D.Decrease insects in citites. |
A.Because trees in urban areas can’t regenerate naturally. |
B.Because native trees don’t drop seeds any more. |
C.Because trees don’t grow in a city environment. |
D.Because humans want to plant more trees. |
A.Describe the importance of trees in cities. |
B.Show the number of trees in the US is declining. |
C.Ask people to plant trees with the author. |
D.Appeal people to protect trees in their surroundings. |
My grandma passed away last week. My mum began the painful yet necessary task of sorting through her belongings.
“Is there anything you want from grandma’s flat?” Mum texted me.
“Her aloe (芦荟), please.” I required zero thinking time.
Sometime around 1975, Grandma, always believing good things would happen in the future, received this plant as a gift, which she appreciated and placed in her doorway. It came from the local butcher. Five years later, my mum married the butcher’s son and had me. Grandma revealed to me this particular plant was a living relationship between the two families. And so was I.
Recently, whenever we visited Grandma’s flat, I attempted to fix this concept in my children’s minds. “That was a gift your great-grandma bought your other great-grandma! It’s older than me!” Then my kids would nod and ask Grandma for a sweet.
Numerous times, Grandma gave me cuttings or clippings of the plant, hoping I might raise my own and continue the legend. Yet, every time, my new branch died with my awful gardening skills. But that didn’t used to matter, because I could turn to Grandma, who would wait and accept my disturbance without becoming upset. Then I got another clipping and tried again. But now I can’t. So, I decided that the plant will go and live with Ann, my mother-in-law, who is a genius with a greenhouse.
The plan is for Ann to keep hold of the original plant. In time, she can teach me how to deal with its cuttings properly, and then maybe one day I can settle the plant in my place.
In the meantime, Ann will allocate (分配) clippings among my relatives, as Grandma used to do. My wife’s two sisters, for example, are both better at tending plants than I am, so it is quite imaginable they, too, will offer cuttings of the plant to their partners, spreading this loving plant across my entire extended family.
【小题1】Why did the author want his grandma’s aloe?A.He wanted to pass it down to others. | B.He showed a preference for gardening. |
C.He had a pleasant memory of the plant. | D.He received it as a gift from his grandma. |
A.Optimistic and patient. | B.Generous and helpful. | C.Honest and fashionable. | D.Humorous and skillful. |
A.display his skills in gardening | B.have the plant better cared for |
C.announce his grandma’s death | D.protect the plant from dying out |
A.Aloe: my family bond | B.Aloe: a mysterious plant |
C.Grandma: my life coach | D.Grandma: a lovely gardener |
Don't worry about why the chicken crossed the road—the bigger question is whether it'll make it at all.
When officials began issuing stay-at-home orders to slow the spread of COVID-19, Shilling and his colleagues quickly realized they were witnessing a novel experiment:
The answer is a lot of things, including fewer accidents and lower greenhouse gas emissions from cars. In their latest report, the researchers found that driving less has also led to a dramatic decrease in roadkills.
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The team documented about a third fewer kills in the four weeks following shutdowns. If such a slowdown persisted for a year, 27.000 large animals would be saved in just those three states.
People are now returning to the roads as stay-at-home orders are lifted.
A.What happens when we all start driving way less? |
B.But Shilling hopes some of the lessons might stick. |
C.It's a good idea to stay knowledgeable about the risks. |
D.The idea is that most of the animals died a senseless death. |
E.It's actually the largest protection action that the U.S. has ever taken. |
F.In California, the researchers also looked specifically at mountain lions. |
G.Every year, millions of animals get killed by vehicles in the U.S. |
The Ocean Awareness Student Contest(International)
We invite middle and high school students from around the world to attend the 2017 Ocean Awareness Student Contest! The theme is Making Meaning out of Ocean Pollution, and it challenges you to research, explore, explore interpret, and say something meaningful about the connections between human activities and the health of our oceans.
This year, we challenge you to concentrate on one type of ocean pollution and “make meaning” of it through art, poetry or film. We encourage you to connect it with your own life, your own local community, or something else that is personally meaningful to you, but what’s most important is to pick a topic that inspires you.
To take part:
(1)Research
Do research on your own. Ask tough and complex questions, and think about the way science and society help you explain the topic
(2)Create
To explain your topic, create your own work of art, writing, poetry or film.
(3) Submit(提交)
The closing date for entries is on June 13, 2017, at 11:59pm.
Submit as an individual: This means that you are the only creator of your submission .
Submit as a group: Groups can be of unlimited size, but you must provide the names of each group member. There will be one group leader who will be the contact(联系)person for the group and prizes will be awarded to the group as a whole.
Prizes:
The winners will receive scholarships (up to $ 1,500), and each year we give out over 140 prizes(totaling up to $80,000) as well as chances to the winners to work with us and to get their works exhibited and published.
【小题1】The purpose of the contest is to______.A.encourage more people to explore the ocean |
B.direct students to receive more scholarships |
C.draw students’ attention to the health of the oceans |
D.help students complete their works in various styles |
A.college students | B.teenagers |
C.art students | D.people of all ages |
A.submit their works in groups |
B.experience the life in a local community |
C.exhibit or publish their works in advance |
D.do research and explain their topics |
A.Scholarships will be offered to the winners |
B.The organizers will let the winners work with them |
C.The winners will be admitted to famous universities |
D.Chances are that the winners can get their works published |
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