America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while—then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families.
Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily, but truly can’t manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.
Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes,
For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for pure business matters. So accept their hospitality at home !
【小题1】Where are we expected to call our American friends if we go there by plane?A.On the bus. | B.At the airport. |
C.Near their home. | D.At our own hotel. |
A.Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives. |
B.Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy. |
C.Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break. |
D.Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families. |
A.Treating friends at home. | B.Sharing everything they have. |
C.Taking days off to be with friends. | D.Meeting friends at the airport at midnight. |
A.Culture. | B.News. |
C.Story. | D.Travel. |
If ever we have to wait for something in the UK一for the bus, to get into a concert, or to get into a shop, we form a queue. Everybody knows that when you roll up, you join the back of the queue.
If ever somebody pushes in, you can almost feel others upset about him or her! People will be silently angry! However, rarely will anybody say anything.
A.You have to wait for your turn in the queue. |
B.People do not welcome queue-jumping in England. |
C.Queue-jumping can be seen everywhere in the world. |
D.British people do not like to cause a scene by arguing. |
E.Some people want to break the accepted rule sometimes. |
F.People will be very polite to you and let you know where you should stand. |
G.People will show that they are annoyed, but in ways that are not easy to notice. |
In Europe, men do not usually wear skirts. But the Scottish national clothing for men is a kind of skirt. It is called a kilt. The Scottish like to be different. They are also proud of their country and its history, and they feel that the kilt is part of that history. That’s why the men still wear kilts at traditional dance and on national holidays. They believe they are wearing the same clothes that Scottish men always used to wear.
That’s what they believe. However, kilts are not really so old. Before 1703, Scottish men wore a long shirt and blanket around their shoulders. These clothes got in the way when the men started to work in factories. So in 1730 a factory owner changed the blanket into a skirt — the kilt. That’s how the first kilt was made.
Then in the late 1700s Scottish soldiers in the British Army began to wear kilts. One reason for this was national feelings: The Scottish soldiers wanted to be different from the English soldiers. The British Army probably had a different reason: A Scottish soldier in a kilt was always easy to find! The Scottish soldiers fought very hard and became famous. The kilt was part of the fame, and in the early 1800s men around Scotland began to wear kilts.
These kilts had colorful stripes (条纹) going up and down and across. In the 1700s and early 1800s, the color of the stripes had no special meaning. Men sometimes owned kilts in several different colors. But later the colors became important to the Scottish families. By about 1850, most families had special colors for their kilts. For example, men from the Campbell family had kilts with green, yellow and blue stripes. Scottish people often believe that the colors of the kilts are part of their family history. In fact, each family just chose the color they liked best.
This is not the story you will hear today if you are in Scotland. Most Scottish people still believe that kilts are as old as Scotland and that the colors are as old as the Scottish family. Sometimes feelings are stronger than facts!
【小题1】Scottish soldiers were dressed in kilts partly because of .A.the colors | B.the weather | C.the feelings toward nation | D.the design |
A.The English soldiers were the first to wear kilts. |
B.Colors are not specially designed in the first kilts. |
C.It was hard then to tell the Scottish soldiers from the English ones. |
D.The factory owner made the first kilt from long shirts to make his workers different. |
A.not part of the Scottish family history | B.older than the Scottish family history |
C.for the Campbell family only | D.mainly green, yellow and blue |
A.the European people are full of strong feelings |
B.there are no stories about kilts in Scotland today |
C.the British like to do things not on facts |
D.the Scottish prefer to keep their tradition rather than believe the fact |
In a world with so many countries, religions, tribes and customs, it is impossible for everyone to like everything. While we have come a long way since civilization began, some communities are stuck with age-old traditions.
Famadihana-dance with the dead
A funeral(葬礼)tradition followed by the Malagasy tribe in Madagascar, people dance with dead bodies as part of the Famadihana custom. After bringing bodies of ancestors from their burial place, they re-wrap them in fresh cloth and dance around the tomb to live music. The ritual is followed once in seven years, but has been in the decline.
Venezuela-don't show up on time
Venezuela are just like Indians! Reaching on time is considered rude in Venezuela and it is recommended to reach at least 15 minutes later than the scheduled time. Guests who reach on time are looked down upon as being too eager and greedy. Well, Venezuela should take some cue from Indians!
India-throw the baby for good luck
This custom is mostly followed in Karnataka where newborn babies are thrown off the 50-feet high above Sri Santeswar temple. The babies are obviously caught by the family in a cloth. Couples who are blessed with a baby take a vow at the temple following this 500-year-old tradition, which is believed to bring good luck to the babies.
Scotland-just blacken the bride
Having some fun before the wedding is great, but this pre-wedding custom in Scotland doesn't seem to have a lot of fun for the bride. The custom involves throwing eggs, spoilt milk and basically, all things disgusting at her. The "blackened bride" is then taken around the town. The custom is a metaphor for the tough life that the bride might have to go through after the wedding. The tradition prepares her for the new chapter as after going through this, all marital(婚姻的)problems will look tiny.
【小题1】Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “ritual”?A.Tradition. | B.Manner. | C.Culture. | D.Belief. |
A.Dancing with the dead in Famadihana. | B.Showing up on time in Venezuela. |
C.Throwing the baby for good luck in India. | D.Blackening the bride in Scotland. |
A.To disguise the bride. |
B.To pray for the good luck for the bride. |
C.To show the hardship of marriage to the bride. |
D.To get the bride ready for the may-be-hard marriage life. |
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