Definition of adult learning vary, but according to the European Commission, it is defined as all forms of learning undertaken by adults after having left initial education and training, however far this process may have gone.
Education and training are important factors in achieving the strategic goal of raising economic growth, competitiveness and social inclusion. However, with some expectations, implementation(实现,履行) remains weak. Most education and training system still largely focus on the education and training of young people and limited progress has been made in changing systems to mirror the need for learning throughout the life span. An additional 4 million adults would need to participate in lifelong learning. Recent research confirms the importance of investing in adult learning. Research on older adults indicates that those who engage in learning are healthier, with a consequent decrease in health care costs.
Europe’s key economic challenge is to raise its growth and employment performance while preserving social cohesion(凝聚力). Rapid progress in other regions(地区) of the world shows the importance of innovative (创新的), advanced and quality education and training as a key factor in economic competitiveness. General levels of competence must increase, both to meet the needs of the employment market and to allow citizens to function well in society.
Europe is facing unheard-of demographic changes that will have a major impact on society and on the economy and consequently on education and training provision and needs. The European population is aging: over the next 30 years the number of younger Europeans(up to 24 years old)will fall by 15%. One in three Europeans will be over 60 years old, and about one in then will be over 80.
Raising the overall level of skills of the adult population by offering more and better learning opportunities throughout adult life is important for both efficiency and equity reasons given the challenges identified above. Not only does adult learning help make adults more efficient workers and, better-informed and more active citizens, it also contributes to their personal well-being.
【小题1】What dose the author say about adult learning?A.It reduces health care costs greatly. |
B.The young need take it seriously. |
C.It hasn’t been given enough attentions. |
D.More adults have realized its importance. |
A.Upgrade(提高) general levels of our abilities |
B.Face various challenges bravely. |
C.Copy what other regions have done. |
D.Be sensitive to the labour market. |
A.Change in the education system | B.Changes in the job market |
C.Changes in the population | D.Changed in society |
Many people have taken aggressive steps to limit their social interaction in order to slow the spread of COVID-19. As a result of social distancing, many problems have arisen. Here are some tips on how to deal with uncomfortable situations.
How to decline invitations. If you're invited to an event but you don't feel comfortable leaving home, decline as you typically would
How to socialize online.
A.How to cancel events. |
B.Keep it honest and brief. |
C.It arrives instantly and eliminates the need to go to a store. |
D.Here are some tips on how to turn down invitations politely. |
E.Explain that you are trying to put their health and safety first. |
F.It is important to value others' emotions given the difficult situations. |
G.Use the technologies you have at your fingertips to deepen relationships. |
Waste not, Want not
Today, I live in Manhattan with my husband, Alex. I’m an IT specialist and Alex is a lawyer. Life’s good, but sometimes I look at the way we live it and think of Ellie, my grandmother. Her favorite saying was “Waste not, want not.”
Such economy seems strange, even ridiculous, in our modern throwaway society, where everything is sold in boxes.
A.Packaging is not only used to protect goods |
B.My grandparents threw almost nothing away |
C.In one week alone, we threw away five old magazines |
D.We didn’t often go shopping and then cook meals at home |
E.As young Manhattan professionals, we buy a lot of “convenience food” |
F.But we pay a high financial and ecological price for our lovely packaging |
G.If you placed all the cans used in the United States, in one year end to end |
At university, when I told people I was studying for a history degree, the response was almost always the same, “You want to be a teacher?” No, a journalist. “Oh. But you’re not majoring in communications?”
In the days when a university education was a privilege, perhaps there wasn’t the assumption that a degree had to be a springboard directly into a career. Those days are long gone. Today, a degree is all but a necessity for the job market, one that more than halves your chances of being unemployed. Still, that alone is no guarantee of a job—and yet we’re paying more and more for one.
Given those costs, most of us want to maximize that investment — and that can lead to a plug-and-play type of approach to higher education. Want to be a journalist? Study journalism, we’re told. A lawyer? Pursue pre-law. Not totally sure? Go into STEM (Science, Technology, Engineer and Maths) — you can become an engineer or an IT expert. And no matter what you do, forget the humanities, such as history, philosophy and languages.
It’s true that the humanities come with a higher risk of unemployment, but the risk is slighter than you would imagine. For young people in the U.S. , the unemployment rate of those with humanities degrees is four percent, just a little more than that of engineering degree holders. Lower salaries may not be caused by the degree itself either. The gender pay gap persists in the humanities, whose graduates are more likely to be female. Is it any wonder then that language teachers tend to make less than engineers?
According to LinkedIn’s research on the most sought-after job skills by employers for 2019, the ability to communicate and get along with people, to understand what’s on other people’s minds, and to do full-strength critical analysis were all valued and appreciated. It goes without saying that you can be an excellent communicator and critical thinker without a humanities degree. And any good university education, not just one in English or psychology, should sharpen these abilities further. But few courses of study are quite as heavy on reading, writing, speaking and critical thinking as the humanities — whether that’s by debating other students in a seminar, writing a thesis paper or analyzing poetry.
The whole question of whether a student should choose STEM versus the humanities might be misguided to begin with. The headlines most of us see don’t help. Whatever a student pursues in university, it must be something that they are not only good at, but interested in. Even if it means pursuing a “useless” degree — like one in humanities.
【小题1】Why are people paying more and more for a degree?A.Because people need a degree to further their career. |
B.Because university education is considered a privilege. |
C.Because a degree is viewed as a must for landing a job. |
D.Because their interest can be developed in university. |
A.a tip for choosing a major |
B.the importance of higher education |
C.a problem that exists among STEM graduates |
D.the reason why people overlook the humanities |
A.A comparatively high salary after graduation. |
B.Better chances of getting rid of gender prejudice. |
C.A better communicative skill than science students. |
D.More exposure to the training of language and thinking. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Optimistic. |
C.Objective. | D.Concerned. |
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